A 30-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of dysuria, urgency, and frequency. A urinalysis is performed. Which of the following findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Elevated ketones in the urine
Presence of nitrites in the urine
Low specific gravity
Presence of glucose in the urine
The Correct Answer is B
A. Elevated ketones in the urine can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis or starvation but is not specific to a UTI.
B. Nitrites are commonly found in the urine of patients with UTIs due to bacterial conversion of urinary nitrates to nitrites. This is a hallmark finding of a UTI.
C. Low specific gravity indicates diluted urine, which is not a direct indicator of a UTI.
D. Glucose in the urine could indicate diabetes but is not a typical finding for a UTI.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Staring spells with a brief loss of awareness are characteristic of absence seizures, not myoclonic seizures.
B. Myoclonic seizures involve sudden, brief, involuntary muscle jerks that typically occur on both sides of the body, which is the key characteristic for this type of seizure.
C. Loss of consciousness followed by confusion is characteristic of tonic-clonic or focal seizures, not myoclonic seizures.
D. Prolonged muscle contractions lasting several minutes describe a tonic seizure, which is distinct from myoclonic seizures.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Encouraging deep breaths and using an incentive spirometer can help prevent atelectasis and improve oxygenation after surgery, as it encourages lung expansion.
B. Setting the oxygen flow rate based on subjective breathlessness is not ideal; oxygen should be administered according to established protocols and patient need.
C. Administering oxygen without an order is not appropriate and could lead to oxygen toxicity.
D. The Trendelenburg position is not necessary for oxygenation and could lead to increased pressure on the abdomen and respiratory distress.
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