A 30-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of dysuria, urgency, and frequency. A urinalysis is performed. Which of the following findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Elevated ketones in the urine

Presence of nitrites in the urine

Low specific gravity

Presence of glucose in the urine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Elevated ketones in the urine can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis or starvation but is not specific to a UTI.
B.   Nitrites are commonly found in the urine of patients with UTIs due to bacterial conversion of urinary nitrates to nitrites. This is a hallmark finding of a UTI.
C.   Low specific gravity indicates diluted urine, which is not a direct indicator of a UTI.
D.   Glucose in the urine could indicate diabetes but is not a typical finding for a UTI.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Dextrose 10% in water is hypertonic and would exacerbate hypernatremia by further increasing sodium levels.
B. 25% albumin is not appropriate for treating hypernatremia and is typically used for volume expansion in cases of shock or hypoalbuminemia.
C. Dextrose 5% in water is an isotonic solution that helps dilute sodium levels and correct hypernatremia gradually.
D. Dextran 40 is a volume-expanding agent, not suitable for treating hypernatremia.

A. A Venturi mask allows for precise oxygen concentration delivery. B. Oxygen should be humidified when delivered at flow rates higher than 4 liters per minute. C. Oxygen toxicity can occur when high concentrations of oxygen are administered for extended periods. D. Nasal cannulas can deliver oxygen concentrations up to 90%. E. Oxygen therapy is always safe regardless of the patient's condition. F. A simple face mask can deliver higher oxygen concentrations than a non-rebreather mask.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A. A Venturi mask is an accurate way to deliver a specific concentration of oxygen, allowing for precise control.
B. Humidifying oxygen is recommended at flow rates higher than 4 liters per minute to prevent drying of the mucous membranes.
C. Oxygen toxicity can occur if high concentrations of oxygen are administered for prolonged periods, leading to potential lung damage.
D. Nasal cannulas typically provide a lower oxygen concentration than higher-flow devices, like a Venturi mask or non-rebreather mask.
E. Oxygen therapy is not always entirely safe regardless of the patient's condition; certain conditions require careful monitoring to prevent complications.

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A 30-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of dysuria, urgency, and frequency. A urinalysis is performed. Which of the following findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

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A 30-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of dysuria, urgency, and frequency. A urinalysis is performed. Which of the following findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

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