A 23-year-old patient is diagnosed with myoclonic seizures. Which of the following characteristics is most indicative of this type of seizure?

Staring spells with a brief loss of awareness

Sudden, brief involuntary muscle jerks typically occurring on both sides of the body.

Loss of consciousness followed by a period of confusion.

Prolonged muscle contractions lasting several minutes.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Staring spells with a brief loss of awareness are characteristic of absence seizures, not myoclonic seizures.
B.   Myoclonic seizures involve sudden, brief, involuntary muscle jerks that typically occur on both sides of the body, which is the key characteristic for this type of seizure.
C.   Loss of consciousness followed by confusion is characteristic of tonic-clonic or focal seizures, not myoclonic seizures.
D.   Prolonged muscle contractions lasting several minutes describe a tonic seizure, which is distinct from myoclonic seizures.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Administering feeding solution directly from the refrigerator can cause discomfort to the patient and increase the risk of gastric upset.
B. Flushing the tube with cold water is not appropriate, as it may irritate the stomach and cause discomfort.
C. Positioning the patient supine at 30 degrees is unsafe, as it increases the risk of aspiration. The patient should be at a higher angle, typically 30-45 degrees.
D. Verifying the pH of gastric aspirate is crucial to ensure the feeding tube is in the correct position and to prevent aspiration of feeding material into the lungs.

A. Sunbathing B. Flying C. Working in an office D. High altitude travel

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Sunbathing is not a significant factor that worsens MS symptoms. In fact, moderate exposure to sunlight may benefit people with MS by helping them get Vitamin D, which is believed to have protective effects.
B. Flying is not a common factor that exacerbates MS symptoms. However, the change in pressure can sometimes be uncomfortable for individuals with MS, but it doesn't typically worsen the condition.
C. Working in an office is not a factor known to worsen MS symptoms. The environment of an office typically does not contribute to symptom exacerbation, though stress or lack of mobility can have an indirect impact.
D. High altitude travel can worsen MS symptoms for some individuals. The decreased oxygen levels and low pressure at high altitudes can lead to increased fatigue, shortness of breath, or dizziness, which may exacerbate MS-related symptoms.

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A 23-year-old patient is diagnosed with myoclonic seizures. Which of the following characteristics is most indicative of this type of seizure?

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