A 23-year-old patient is diagnosed with myoclonic seizures. Which of the following characteristics is most indicative of this type of seizure?

Staring spells with a brief loss of awareness

Sudden, brief involuntary muscle jerks typically occurring on both sides of the body.

Loss of consciousness followed by a period of confusion.

Prolonged muscle contractions lasting several minutes.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Staring spells with a brief loss of awareness are characteristic of absence seizures, not myoclonic seizures.
B.   Myoclonic seizures involve sudden, brief, involuntary muscle jerks that typically occur on both sides of the body, which is the key characteristic for this type of seizure.
C.   Loss of consciousness followed by confusion is characteristic of tonic-clonic or focal seizures, not myoclonic seizures.
D.   Prolonged muscle contractions lasting several minutes describe a tonic seizure, which is distinct from myoclonic seizures.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Administering feeding solution directly from the refrigerator can cause discomfort to the patient and increase the risk of gastric upset.
B. Flushing the tube with cold water is not appropriate, as it may irritate the stomach and cause discomfort.
C. Positioning the patient supine at 30 degrees is unsafe, as it increases the risk of aspiration. The patient should be at a higher angle, typically 30-45 degrees.
D. Verifying the pH of gastric aspirate is crucial to ensure the feeding tube is in the correct position and to prevent aspiration of feeding material into the lungs.

A. Advise the patient to take antacids only when severe pain occurs. B. Instruct the patient to eat three large meals per day. C. Encourage the patient to smoke to reduce stress. D. Recommend increased intake of spicy foods to boost metabolism. E. Suggest the patient use NSAIDS for pain relief. F. Advise the patient to drink coffee to help with digestion. G. Administer proton pump inhibitors as prescribed. H. Encourage the patient to consume a bland diet.

Correct Answer is ["G","H"]

Explanation

A. Advising the patient to take antacids only when severe pain occurs may not be effective. Antacids should be used regularly or as prescribed for consistent symptom relief.
B. Instructing the patient to eat three large meals per day may exacerbate symptoms; smaller, more frequent meals are often better for managing gastritis.
C. Encouraging smoking to reduce stress is harmful, as smoking can exacerbate gastritis and increase stomach acid production.
D. Spicy foods should be avoided in gastritis, as they can irritate the stomach lining.
E. NSAIDs should be avoided in gastritis because they can irritate the gastric mucosa and worsen symptoms.
F. Coffee can stimulate acid production and may irritate the stomach lining, so it should be avoided.
G. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) help reduce gastric acid secretion and are a mainstay treatment for gastritis.
H. A bland diet is recommended, as it avoids irritating foods and allows the stomach lining to heal.

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A 23-year-old patient is diagnosed with myoclonic seizures. Which of the following characteristics is most indicative of this type of seizure?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a patient with a gastrostomy tube. Before starting the feeding, which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure patient safety?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Explanation

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