A 45-year-old male patient is diagnosed with hypopituitarism. Which of the following interventions is the most appropriate initial action for managing this condition?
Administering intravenous fluids.
Performing a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy.
Initiating hormone replacement therapy.
Recommending dietary modifications.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A Reason:
Administering intravenous fluids is not the most appropriate initial action for managing hypopituitarism. While IV fluids may be necessary in cases of acute adrenal crisis or severe dehydration, they do not address the underlying hormone deficiencies caused by hypopituitarism. The primary treatment focuses on replacing the deficient hormones to restore normal physiological functions.
Choice B Reason:
Performing a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy is a surgical procedure used to remove pituitary tumors. While this may be necessary if a tumor is causing hypopituitarism, it is not the initial action for managing the condition. The first step is to stabilize the patient with hormone replacement therapy before considering surgical interventions.
Choice C Reason:
Initiating hormone replacement therapy is the most appropriate initial action for managing hypopituitarism. This condition results in the deficiency of one or more pituitary hormones, and replacing these hormones is crucial to restore normal body functions. Hormone replacement therapy may include cortisol, thyroid hormone, sex hormones, and growth hormone, depending on which hormones are deficient.
Choice D Reason:
Recommending dietary modifications alone is not sufficient to manage hypopituitarism. While a balanced diet can support overall health, it does not address the specific hormone deficiencies associated with this condition. Hormone replacement therapy is essential for managing hypopituitarism effectively.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Adrenal hyperplasia involves the enlargement of the adrenal glands, which can lead to an overproduction of adrenal hormones. However, it does not directly cause hyperpituitarism. Hyperpituitarism is related to the overactivity of the pituitary gland, not the adrenal glands.
Choice B Reason:
Pituitary adenoma is the most common cause of hyperpituitarism. These benign tumors in the pituitary gland lead to the overproduction of one or more pituitary hormones, causing symptoms such as severe headaches, visual disturbances, and joint pain. The pituitary gland’s overactivity due to the adenoma results in the excessive release of hormones, which can affect various bodily functions.
Choice C Reason:
Thyroid carcinoma is a type of cancer that affects the thyroid gland While it can cause hormonal imbalances, it does not typically lead to hyperpituitarism. The symptoms described are more consistent with a pituitary-related issue rather than a thyroid condition.
Choice D Reason:
Hypothalamic dysfunction can affect the pituitary gland’s function since the hypothalamus regulates pituitary hormone release. However, it is less likely to be the primary cause of hyperpituitarism compared to a pituitary adenoma. The direct overproduction of hormones by the pituitary gland is more commonly due to an adenoma.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Shortness of breath is not typically associated with Meniere’s disease. This condition primarily affects the inner ear, leading to symptoms related to balance and hearing. Shortness of breath is more commonly linked to respiratory or cardiovascular issues.
Choice B Reason:
Chest pain is not a characteristic symptom of Meniere’s disease. Chest pain is usually related to cardiac or musculoskeletal problems. Meniere’s disease affects the inner ear and does not typically cause chest pain.
Choice C Reason:
Fever is not a common symptom of Meniere’s disease. Fever is generally associated with infections or inflammatory conditions. Meniere’s disease involves the buildup of fluid in the inner ear, leading to vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss, but not fever.
Choice D Reason:
Vertigo is the most characteristic symptom of Meniere’s disease. Vertigo involves a spinning sensation that can be severe and debilitating. It is caused by the abnormal fluid buildup in the inner ear, which disrupts the balance and hearing functions. This symptom is a hallmark of Meniere’s disease and is often accompanied by tinnitus and hearing loss.
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