A 51-year-old male client with pneumonia has undergone several days of antibiotic and respiratory treatment. Given the following assessment findings, mark whether they indicate that the treatment was effective or ineffective:

PaCO2 55 mm Hg on a blood gas

Rhonchi in the right lung

Oxygen saturation greater than 94%

Client ambulates without shortness of breath

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

Choice A rationale:

PaCO2 55 mm Hg on a blood gas indicates ineffective treatment. Normal PaCO2 levels range from 35-45 mm Hg.

Elevated PaCO2 (hypercapnia) suggests that the lungs are not effectively removing carbon dioxide from the body. This can be due to various factors, including:

Incomplete resolution of pneumonia Airway obstruction

Impaired respiratory muscle function

Choice B rationale:

Rhonchi in the right lung indicates ineffective treatment.

Rhonchi are coarse, rattling sounds heard in the lungs during auscultation.

They are often associated with mucus accumulation in the airways, which can occur in pneumonia.

The presence of rhonchi suggests that inflammation and mucus production persist, despite antibiotic and respiratory therapy.

Choice C rationale:

Oxygen saturation greater than 94% indicates effective treatment. Normal oxygen saturation levels are typically 95% or higher.

A saturation of 94% or above suggests that the lungs are able to effectively oxygenate the blood. This is a positive sign that the pneumonia is responding to treatment.

Choice D rationale:

Client ambulates without shortness of breath indicates effective treatment. Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is a common symptom of pneumonia.

It occurs when the lungs are unable to provide enough oxygen to the body, leading to a feeling of breathlessness.

The ability to ambulate without shortness of breath suggests that the pneumonia has improved and that the lungs are functioning more effectively.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Colloidal oatmeal-based lotions can be soothing and moisturizing for dry, itchy skin, but they are not effective in treating the inflammation and scaling associated with psoriasis.

They do not address the underlying hyperproliferation of skin cells that is characteristic of psoriasis.

While they may provide temporary relief of symptoms, they are not a long-term solution for managing the condition.

Choice B rationale:

Topical corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for psoriasis.

They work by reducing inflammation, slowing the growth of skin cells, and easing itching and scaling. They come in a variety of strengths and formulations, including creams, ointments, gels, and foams.

The type of corticosteroid and the strength of the medication will depend on the severity of the psoriasis and the location of the lesions.

It's important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions for use carefully, as overuse of topical corticosteroids can lead to side effects such as thinning of the skin and rebound flares.

Choice C rationale:

Topical analgesics, such as lidocaine or benzocaine, can be used to temporarily relieve pain and itching associated with psoriasis.

However, they do not address the underlying inflammation and scaling, and they should not be used as a primary treatment for the condition.

They may be used as adjunctive therapy in conjunction with topical corticosteroids or other psoriasis medications.

Choice D rationale:

Topical antifungal medications are used to treat fungal infections of the skin, such as athlete's foot or ringworm. They are not effective in treating psoriasis, which is an autoimmune condition rather than a fungal infection.

Using a topical antifungal medication for psoriasis could potentially worsen the condition or lead to other skin problems.

A. The treatment was effective. B. The treatment was ineffective. C. The treatment was partially effective. D. It is too early to determine the effectiveness of the treatment.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Diminished breath sounds in the right lung: This finding suggests that there is still some inflammation or fluid in the right lung, which is not consistent with fully effective treatment. Normal breath sounds should be clear and equal bilaterally.

PaCO2 55 mm Hg on a blood gas: This finding is slightly elevated, indicating that the patient may be having some difficulty clearing carbon dioxide from the lungs. A normal PaCO2 is 35-45 mm Hg.

Rhonchi in the right lung: Rhonchi are a type of abnormal breath sound that is caused by secretions in the airways. This finding suggests that there is still some inflammation or infection in the right lung.

Choice B rationale:

Oxygen saturation greater than 94%: This finding is within the normal range and indicates that the patient is getting enough oxygen.

Client ambulates without shortness of breath: This finding is a positive sign that the patient's respiratory status is improving. Symmetric chest expansion: This finding indicates that both lungs are expanding equally, which is a good sign.

Choice C rationale:

The assessment findings are mixed, with some findings suggesting improvement (oxygen saturation, ambulation without shortness of breath, symmetric chest expansion) and some findings suggesting that the infection is not fully resolved (diminished breath sounds, elevated PaCO2, rhonchi). This suggests that the treatment has been partially effective, but that the patient may need further treatment to fully resolve the pneumonia.

Choice D rationale:

It is important to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment over time, but the assessment findings in this case are clear enough to determine that the treatment has been partially effective.

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A 51-year-old male client with pneumonia has undergone several days of antibiotic and respiratory treatment. Given the following assessment findings, mark whether they indicate that the treatment was effective or ineffective:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with psoriasis returns to the clinic reporting the persistence of several silvery, scaly areas on the elbows and palms that frequently burn and sometimes bleed.Which prescription should the nurse teach the client to use for the skin condition?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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