A 51-year-old male client with pneumonia has undergone several days of antibiotic and respiratory treatment. Given the following assessment findings, mark whether they indicate that the treatment was effective or ineffective:

PaCO2 55 mm Hg on a blood gas

Rhonchi in the right lung

Oxygen saturation greater than 94%

Client ambulates without shortness of breath

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

Choice A rationale:

PaCO2 55 mm Hg on a blood gas indicates ineffective treatment. Normal PaCO2 levels range from 35-45 mm Hg.

Elevated PaCO2 (hypercapnia) suggests that the lungs are not effectively removing carbon dioxide from the body. This can be due to various factors, including:

Incomplete resolution of pneumonia Airway obstruction

Impaired respiratory muscle function

Choice B rationale:

Rhonchi in the right lung indicates ineffective treatment.

Rhonchi are coarse, rattling sounds heard in the lungs during auscultation.

They are often associated with mucus accumulation in the airways, which can occur in pneumonia.

The presence of rhonchi suggests that inflammation and mucus production persist, despite antibiotic and respiratory therapy.

Choice C rationale:

Oxygen saturation greater than 94% indicates effective treatment. Normal oxygen saturation levels are typically 95% or higher.

A saturation of 94% or above suggests that the lungs are able to effectively oxygenate the blood. This is a positive sign that the pneumonia is responding to treatment.

Choice D rationale:

Client ambulates without shortness of breath indicates effective treatment. Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is a common symptom of pneumonia.

It occurs when the lungs are unable to provide enough oxygen to the body, leading to a feeling of breathlessness.

The ability to ambulate without shortness of breath suggests that the pneumonia has improved and that the lungs are functioning more effectively.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Colloidal oatmeal-based lotions can be soothing and moisturizing for dry, itchy skin, but they are not effective in treating the inflammation and scaling associated with psoriasis.

They do not address the underlying hyperproliferation of skin cells that is characteristic of psoriasis.

While they may provide temporary relief of symptoms, they are not a long-term solution for managing the condition.

Choice B rationale:

Topical corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for psoriasis.

They work by reducing inflammation, slowing the growth of skin cells, and easing itching and scaling. They come in a variety of strengths and formulations, including creams, ointments, gels, and foams.

The type of corticosteroid and the strength of the medication will depend on the severity of the psoriasis and the location of the lesions.

It's important to follow the healthcare provider's instructions for use carefully, as overuse of topical corticosteroids can lead to side effects such as thinning of the skin and rebound flares.

Choice C rationale:

Topical analgesics, such as lidocaine or benzocaine, can be used to temporarily relieve pain and itching associated with psoriasis.

However, they do not address the underlying inflammation and scaling, and they should not be used as a primary treatment for the condition.

They may be used as adjunctive therapy in conjunction with topical corticosteroids or other psoriasis medications.

Choice D rationale:

Topical antifungal medications are used to treat fungal infections of the skin, such as athlete's foot or ringworm. They are not effective in treating psoriasis, which is an autoimmune condition rather than a fungal infection.

Using a topical antifungal medication for psoriasis could potentially worsen the condition or lead to other skin problems.

A. 50 mL/hr. B. 100 mL/hr. C. 150 mL/hr. D. 200 mL/hr.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Step 1: Identify the desired dose and the available concentration. Desired dose: 500 mg of vancomycin

Available concentration: 500 mg per 100 ml

Step 2: Determine the volume needed to deliver the desired dose.

Since the available concentration is 500 mg per 100 ml, no further calculation is required. The volume needed to deliver 500 mg of vancomycin is already 100 ml.

Step 3: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr.

The medication needs to be administered over 1 hour.

Therefore, the infusion pump should be set to deliver the 100 ml of solution over 1 hour. Infusion rate = 100 ml / 1 hour = 100 mL/hr.

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A 51-year-old male client with pneumonia has undergone several days of antibiotic and respiratory treatment. Given the following assessment findings, mark whether they indicate that the treatment was effective or ineffective:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with psoriasis returns to the clinic reporting the persistence of several silvery, scaly areas on the elbows and palms that frequently burn and sometimes bleed.Which prescription should the nurse teach the client to use for the skin condition?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client receives a prescription for vancomycin 500 mg IV every 8 hours. The medication is provided in "500 mg per 100 ml" of dextrose 5% in water. To administer the medication over an hour, the nurse should set the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hr?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which action should be included in the teaching plan for a patient with hypernatremia?

The nurse is admitting a client with possible tuberculosis (TB). The client is placed in a private room with airborne precautions pending diagnostic test results.Which diagnostic test should the nurse review to confirm the diagnosis of TB?

A client with psoriasis returns to the clinic reporting the persistence of several silvery, scaly areas on the elbows and palms that frequently burn and sometimes bleed.Which prescription should the nurse teach the client to use for the skin condition?

A client who is experiencing respiratory distress is admitted with respiratory acidosis.Which pathophysiological process supports the client's respiratory acidosis?

When performing postural drainage on a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which approach should the nurse use?

The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted with a diagnosis of esophageal cancer.The client reports a pain level of 8 on a 0 to 10 pain scale, dysphagia, anorexia, anxiety, and a hoarse voice. Which nursing problem is the priority for this client?

The healthcare provider prescribes an IV solution of clindamycin 850 mg in 75 ml of D5W to infuse over 30 minutes. The drop factor is 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should regulate the IV to deliver how many gtt/minute? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest whole number.)