A 7-year-old child has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. When taking a health history from the child’s mother, which recent illness is of most significance?

Chickenpox.

Mumps.

Sore throat.

Influenza.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Chickenpox is a viral infection that can cause a fever and rash. However, it is not typically associated with the development of acute rheumatic fever. Acute rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can develop when strep throat or scarlet fever isn’t properly treated.
Choice B rationale
Mumps is a viral infection that causes swelling of the salivary glands. Like chickenpox, it is not typically associated with the development of acute rheumatic fever.
Choice C rationale
A recent history of sore throat is significant because acute rheumatic fever can develop as a complication of an untreated strep throat infection. Strep throat is caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria, which can trigger an immune response leading to rheumatic fever if not treated properly.
Choice D rationale
Influenza, or the flu, is a viral infection that can cause a range of symptoms, including fever, cough, and body aches. However, it is not typically associated with the development of acute rheumatic fever.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While it’s possible for an infant with projectile vomiting to have stool containing mucus and blood, this is not typically associated with the condition that most commonly causes projectile vomiting in infants, which is pyloric stenosis.
Choice B rationale
An olive-sized mass in the epigastric region is a classic symptom of pyloric stenosis. This condition occurs when the muscle between the stomach and the small intestine (the pylorus) thickens, preventing food from moving from the stomach to the intestine.
Choice C rationale
Frequent burping and poor feeding can be symptoms of many different conditions in infants, but they are not typically associated with pyloric stenosis.
Choice D rationale
Rebound tenderness in the left lower abdominal quadrant is a symptom of conditions like appendicitis, but it is not typically associated with pyloric stenosis.

A. Fecal-fat test. B. Sweat-chloride test. C. Pulmonary-function test. D. Potassium chloride test.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A fecal-fat test is used to measure the body’s ability to break down and absorb fat. It is not used to screen for cystic fibrosis.
Choice B rationale
The sweat-chloride test is the standard diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis. This test measures the amount of chloride, a component of salt, in the sweat. People with cystic fibrosis have two to five times the normal amount of chloride in their sweat.
Choice C rationale
A pulmonary-function test measures how well the lungs are working and can be used to monitor the lung function in people already diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. However, it is not a standard screening test for cystic fibrosis.
Choice D rationale
A potassium chloride test is not used to screen for cystic fibrosis. Potassium chloride is a type of medication used to treat or prevent low amounts of potassium in the blood.

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A 7-year-old child has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. When taking a health history from the child’s mother, which recent illness is of most significance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a 5-week-old infant who has been experiencing projectile vomiting after feedings. What additional symptom should the nurse anticipate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A mother brings her 2-month-old to the well-baby clinic. She states that when she kisses her baby, the infant’s skin tastes salty. The nurse should prepare the mother for what standard diagnostic test to screen for cystic fibrosis (CF)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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