A 78-year-old patient comes to the clinic with complaints of difficulty seeing faces and reading small print. The patient is diagnosed with macular degeneration. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize to help manage the patient’s condition?
Advise the patient to increase their screen time to exercise their eye muscles.
Encourage the patient to quit smoking to slow the progression of the disease.
Suggest the patient avoid all physical activities to prevent further eye damage.
Inform the patient to reduce their water intake to prevent fluid accumulation in the eyes.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
Advising the patient to increase their screen time to exercise their eye muscles is not appropriate for managing macular degeneration. Increased screen time can cause eye strain and does not benefit the condition. Instead, patients should be encouraged to engage in activities that do not exacerbate eye strain.
Choice B Reason:
Encouraging the patient to quit smoking is a crucial intervention for managing macular degeneration. Smoking is a significant risk factor for the progression of macular degeneration. Quitting smoking can help slow the progression of the disease and improve overall eye health. This intervention addresses a modifiable risk factor and can have a positive impact on the patient’s condition.
Choice C Reason:
Suggesting the patient avoid all physical activities to prevent further eye damage is not necessary for managing macular degeneration. Physical activity is important for overall health and does not directly impact the progression of macular degeneration. Patients should be encouraged to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular physical activity.
Choice D Reason:
Informing the patient to reduce their water intake to prevent fluid accumulation in the eyes is not relevant for managing macular degeneration. Adequate hydration is important for overall health, and there is no evidence to suggest that reducing water intake will benefit patients with macular degeneration. This advice could potentially lead to dehydration and other health issues.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Allowing the client to keep her hearing aids in is crucial for effective communication between the nurse and the client. Hearing aids help the client understand instructions and respond appropriately, which is essential for ensuring the client’s safety and comfort before surgery. According to preoperative guidelines, patients with hearing impairments should be allowed to use their hearing aids until they are taken to the operating room. This practice helps reduce anxiety and ensures that the client can hear and understand all preoperative instructions and consent information.
Choice B Reason:
Allowing the client to consume clear liquids up to the time of surgery is generally not recommended. Preoperative fasting guidelines typically require patients to stop consuming clear liquids at least two hours before surgery to reduce the risk of aspiration during anesthesia. Therefore, this option is not appropriate for ensuring the client’s safety.
Choice C Reason:
Allowing the client to take her morning vitamins is not advisable without specific instructions from the surgical team. Some vitamins and supplements can interact with anesthesia or increase the risk of bleeding during surgery. It is essential to follow the surgical team’s guidelines regarding medication and supplement intake before surgery.
Choice D Reason:
Allowing the client to keep her tongue stud in is not recommended. All jewelry and body piercings should be removed before surgery to prevent complications such as electrical burns during the use of electrocautery devices or interference with airway management. Removing the tongue stud is necessary to ensure the client’s safety during the procedure.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
A sedentary lifestyle is a significant risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lack of physical activity can lead to obesity, which is a major contributor to insulin resistance. Regular physical activity helps to maintain a healthy weight, improve insulin sensitivity, and reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Choice B Reason:
A triglyceride level of 100 mg/dL is within the normal range and is not considered a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Elevated triglyceride levels (above 150 mg/dL) are associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but a level of 100 mg/dL does not indicate an increased risk.
Choice C Reason:
A recent viral infection is not a recognized risk factor for type 2 diabetes While certain viral infections can trigger autoimmune responses leading to type 1 diabetes, they are not linked to the development of type 2 diabetes, which is primarily influenced by lifestyle factors and genetics.
Choice D Reason:
A blood glucose level of 98 mg/dL is within the normal range for fasting blood glucose and does not indicate an increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Prediabetes is diagnosed when fasting blood glucose levels are between 100 and 125 mg/dL, and diabetes is diagnosed at levels of 126 mg/dL or higher. Therefore, a blood glucose level of 98 mg/dL is not a risk factor for type 2 diabetes.
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