A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about risk factors for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Exposure to radiation
Family history
Another type of cancer
Genetic mutation
The Correct Answer is A
A. Exposure to radiation - Exposure to high levels of radiation is a known risk factor for developing CML. Historical data, such as from atomic bomb survivors, show a higher incidence of leukemia, including CML, among those exposed to radiation.
B. Family history - CML is generally not associated with a significant familial risk. It is more commonly linked to acquired genetic mutations rather than inherited predispositions.
C. Another type of cancer - Having another type of cancer does not directly increase the risk of developing CML. However, treatments for other cancers, like radiation therapy, might increase risk.
D. Genetic mutation - The development of CML is associated with a specific acquired genetic mutation known as the Philadelphia chromosome (translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22), rather than inherited genetic mutations.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. There is an elevated number of immature thrombocytes - Thrombocytes are platelets, and a shift to the left does not refer to these.
B. There is an elevated number of immature neutrophils (bands) - A "shift to the left" typically refers to an increase in immature neutrophils, also known as bands, in the blood. This often indicates an acute infection or inflammation as the body is producing and releasing more neutrophils to fight an infection.
C. There is an elevated number of mature neutrophils (segs) - An elevated number of mature neutrophils (segmented neutrophils) does not indicate a shift to the left. The term specifically refers to immature forms.
D. There is an elevated number of mature erythrocytes - Mature erythrocytes are red blood cells, and a shift to the left does not pertain to red blood cell counts or maturity.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. 2 hr after obtaining blood from the blood bank. Blood should be started as soon as possible, ideally within 30 minutes to minimize the risk of bacterial growth. Waiting for 2 hours is not appropriate.
B. When the client states he is ready to start the infusion. The client’s readiness should be considered, but the timing should be based on clinical guidelines and safety protocols, not just the client’s preference.
C. As soon as the nurse can prepare the client and the administration set. Blood products should be infused as soon as possible after preparation to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination and ensure efficacy.
D. When the client has finished eating lunch. The infusion timing should not be delayed for non-essential reasons like meal completion unless the client is experiencing issues that could interfere with the transfusion.
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