A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about risk factors for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Exposure to radiation
Family history
Another type of cancer
Genetic mutation
The Correct Answer is A
A. Exposure to radiation - Exposure to high levels of radiation is a known risk factor for developing CML. Historical data, such as from atomic bomb survivors, show a higher incidence of leukemia, including CML, among those exposed to radiation.
B. Family history - CML is generally not associated with a significant familial risk. It is more commonly linked to acquired genetic mutations rather than inherited predispositions.
C. Another type of cancer - Having another type of cancer does not directly increase the risk of developing CML. However, treatments for other cancers, like radiation therapy, might increase risk.
D. Genetic mutation - The development of CML is associated with a specific acquired genetic mutation known as the Philadelphia chromosome (translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22), rather than inherited genetic mutations.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. 2 hr after obtaining blood from the blood bank. Blood should be started as soon as possible, ideally within 30 minutes to minimize the risk of bacterial growth. Waiting for 2 hours is not appropriate.
B. When the client states he is ready to start the infusion. The client’s readiness should be considered, but the timing should be based on clinical guidelines and safety protocols, not just the client’s preference.
C. As soon as the nurse can prepare the client and the administration set. Blood products should be infused as soon as possible after preparation to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination and ensure efficacy.
D. When the client has finished eating lunch. The infusion timing should not be delayed for non-essential reasons like meal completion unless the client is experiencing issues that could interfere with the transfusion.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Elevate the limb and apply ice. Elevating the limb and applying ice can help reduce blood flow to the area and minimize swelling. However, it is not the immediate priority in managing active, profuse bleeding.
B. Apply a tourniquet just below the elbow. A tourniquet should be a last resort due to the risk of cutting off blood flow and potential limb damage. It's typically used in life-threatening situations where other methods fail to control bleeding.
C. Apply direct pressure over the wound. The immediate priority for controlling profuse bleeding is to apply direct pressure to the wound to stop or reduce the bleeding. This is a standard first-line intervention in hemorrhage management.
D. Clean the wound. Cleaning the wound is important to prevent infection, but it is not the first priority when dealing with active, profuse bleeding.
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