A client asks a nurse about the process that leads to a pulmonary embolism. How should the nurse explain the pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism?
"It occurs when bacteria enter the lungs and cause an infection, leading to blockage of the blood vessels."
"A pulmonary embolism happens when a blood clot forms in the lungs and blocks the flow of blood."
"It's the result of prolonged exposure to environmental toxins, which gradually damage the lung tissue."
"Pulmonary embolism is caused by chronic inflammation in the airways, leading to restricted airflow."
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. This description is more aligned with a lung infection, such as pneumonia, not pulmonary embolism.
B) Correct. Pulmonary embolism is typically caused by a blood clot that travels to the lungs and obstructs the pulmonary arteries.
C) Incorrect. Prolonged exposure to environmental toxins is not the primary cause of pulmonary embolism.
D) Incorrect. Chronic inflammation in the airways is characteristic of conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but not pulmonary embolism.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. tPA therapy is not primarily used for pain relief but rather for clot dissolution.
B) Incorrect. While improving lung function and oxygenation is a goal in treating pulmonary embolism, tPA's primary purpose is to dissolve existing blood clots.
C) Correct. tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) is a thrombolytic agent used to break down and dissolve existing blood clots in the pulmonary arteries, improving blood flow.
D) Incorrect. tPA is not used to prevent the formation of new blood clots but rather to treat existing clots.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct. Prolonged immobility and a sedentary lifestyle are significant risk factors for pulmonary embolism.
B) Incorrect. Environmental pollutants and toxins are not primary causes of pulmonary embolism.
C) Incorrect. While healthy individuals can also develop pulmonary embolism, various factors contribute to its risk.
D) Incorrect. Lifestyle factors, as well as medical conditions, can contribute to the risk of pulmonary embolism.
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