A client comes to the clinic reporting fatigue. Laboratory findings reveal a low serum iron level, a low transferrin saturation, and a low ferritin level. Which type of anemia does the nurse suspect that correlates with these laboratory findings?

Sickle cell disease

Pernicious anemia

Hemolytic anemia

Iron deficiency anemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Sickle cell disease is a hemolytic anemia caused by a hemoglobin mutation, not low iron. Laboratory findings show normal or elevated iron due to hemolysis, not low serum iron, transferrin saturation, or ferritin, which are specific to iron deficiency, ruling out sickle cell anemia.

Choice B reason: Pernicious anemia results from vitamin B12 deficiency, impairing DNA synthesis and red blood cell maturation. It is not associated with low serum iron, transferrin saturation, or ferritin, which reflect iron stores. Pernicious anemia typically shows megaloblastic changes, not microcytic anemia, unlike iron deficiency.

Choice C reason: Hemolytic anemia involves red blood cell destruction, often increasing iron levels due to hemoglobin breakdown. Low serum iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin are not typical, as hemolysis does not deplete iron stores. These findings point to iron deficiency, not hemolytic processes.

Choice D reason: Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by low serum iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin, reflecting depleted iron stores. Iron is essential for hemoglobin synthesis, and its deficiency causes microcytic, hypochromic anemia, leading to fatigue, matching the client’s laboratory findings and clinical presentation accurately.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Feverfew, an herbal supplement, is sometimes used for migraines but has no proven role in aneurysm management. It may affect platelet function, increasing bleeding risk if an aneurysm ruptures, making it an inappropriate and potentially harmful recommendation for this client’s condition.

Choice B reason: Opioid analgesics are not routinely recommended for aneurysm management unless severe pain from rupture occurs. Prophylactic use is inappropriate, as it does not prevent aneurysm complications and may mask symptoms, delaying intervention. Lifestyle measures like avoiding strain are more relevant for prevention.

Choice C reason: Avoiding heavy lifting is critical for clients with an aneurysm, as increased intra-abdominal or thoracic pressure from lifting can elevate blood pressure, risking aneurysm rupture. This lifestyle modification reduces mechanical stress on the aneurysm wall, promoting safety and preventing catastrophic bleeding events.

Choice D reason: Including peanut butter, bread, or tart foods in the diet is unrelated to aneurysm management. Dietary choices do not directly affect aneurysm stability or rupture risk. Blood pressure control and avoiding strain, like heavy lifting, are more critical to prevent aneurysm complications.

A. Encourage the client to do as much as possible without assistance, and to use the call light only in emergencies B. Ask a health care provider to order a vest and wrist restraints C. Encourage the family to reprimand the client if they don’t ask for help with transfers and mobility D. Install a bed alarm to remind the client to ask for assistance and to alert staff that the client is getting out of bed

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Encouraging independence without assistance in an impulsive client post-hemorrhagic stroke increases fall risk. Their lack of insight into limitations heightens injury potential. A bed alarm is safer, as it alerts staff to assist, preventing falls due to unrecognized motor or cognitive deficits.

Choice B reason: Ordering restraints like vests or wrist restraints is not the first choice, as they restrict autonomy and may increase agitation in an impulsive client. Non-invasive measures like bed alarms are preferred to prevent injury while preserving dignity and promoting safe mobility post-stroke.

Choice C reason: Encouraging family to reprimand the client for not seeking help may increase emotional distress and does not prevent injury. It fails to address impulsive behavior directly. A bed alarm proactively alerts staff to assist, reducing fall risk more effectively than behavioral reprimands.

Choice D reason: Installing a bed alarm is the priority to prevent injury in an impulsive client post-hemorrhagic stroke. It alerts staff when the client attempts to move unassisted, compensating for their lack of insight into limitations, reducing fall risk, and ensuring timely assistance for safe mobility.

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A client comes to the clinic reporting fatigue. Laboratory findings reveal a low serum iron level, a low transferrin saturation, and a low ferritin level. Which type of anemia does the nurse suspect that correlates with these laboratory findings?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client has just been diagnosed with an aneurysm. When planning discharge teaching for this client, what instructions should the nurse provide to the client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an older client who has had a hemorrhagic stroke. The client has exhibited impulsive behavior and, despite reminders from the nurse, doesn’t recognize their limitations. Which priority measure should the nurse implement to prevent injury?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Which disorder is characterized by a group of symptoms produced by an excess of free circulating cortisol from the adrenal cortex?

A client has a history of sickle cell anemia with several sickle cell crises over the past 10 years. What blood component results in sickle cell anemia?

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