The nurse should advise a client with iron deficiency anemia to take which action to prevent staining of the teeth?

Take iron with or immediately after meals

Dilute liquid preparations of iron with juice and drink with a straw

Do not combine iron with other prescribed or over-the-counter medications

Avoid taking iron simultaneously with an antacid

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Taking iron with meals reduces gastrointestinal upset but does not prevent tooth staining. Food may decrease iron absorption by binding to dietary components, but it has no direct effect on preventing contact between liquid iron preparations and teeth, which causes staining.

Choice B reason: Diluting liquid iron preparations with juice and drinking through a straw minimizes contact with teeth, preventing staining. Iron can bind to enamel, causing discoloration, and using a straw directs the solution past the teeth, reducing exposure while juice dilutes the concentration, protecting dental health.

Choice C reason: Avoiding combining iron with other medications prevents absorption interactions but does not address tooth staining. Certain drugs, like tetracycline, may interact with iron, but this is unrelated to the enamel discoloration caused by direct contact with liquid iron preparations.

Choice D reason: Avoiding antacids with iron prevents reduced absorption, as antacids increase gastric pH, impairing iron solubility. However, this does not prevent tooth staining, which occurs from direct contact of liquid iron with enamel, making this action irrelevant to the goal of dental protection.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Diabetes insipidus is likely due to the client’s symptoms of polyuria, thirst, and weight loss following a head injury. Trauma can disrupt the posterior pituitary, reducing ADH secretion, leading to excessive dilute urine output, dehydration, and subsequent thirst and weight loss from fluid depletion, consistent with central DI.

Choice B reason: A pituitary tumor may cause diabetes insipidus but is not the condition itself. Tumors can disrupt ADH production, but the symptoms described—polyuria, thirst, and weight loss—point directly to diabetes insipidus as the primary condition, with a tumor being a potential underlying cause requiring further investigation.

Choice C reason: Hypothyroidism, caused by thyroid hormone deficiency, leads to symptoms like fatigue and weight gain, not polyuria or weight loss. It is unrelated to head injury or ADH dysfunction, making it an unlikely diagnosis for the client’s symptoms of excessive urine output and dehydration.

Choice D reason: SIADH causes water retention, leading to concentrated urine, hyponatremia, and potential weight gain, opposite to the client’s symptoms of dilute urine, weight loss, and thirst. Head injury may cause SIADH, but the clinical presentation aligns with diabetes insipidus, not water retention.

A. Sodium and potassium abnormalities B. Calcium and phosphorus abnormalities C. Sodium and chloride abnormalities D. Chloride and magnesium abnormalities

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Addison’s disease, due to adrenal insufficiency, reduces aldosterone and cortisol production, leading to sodium loss (hyponatremia) and potassium retention (hyperkalemia). These electrolyte abnormalities result from impaired renal sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion, making sodium and potassium monitoring critical for managing complications like hypotension and arrhythmias.

Choice B reason: Calcium and phosphorus abnormalities are not primary concerns in Addison’s disease. These electrolytes are more affected by parathyroid or renal disorders. Addison’s disease primarily disrupts sodium and potassium balance due to aldosterone deficiency, with calcium and phosphorus typically remaining within normal ranges unless other conditions coexist.

Choice C reason: Sodium abnormalities occur in Addison’s disease due to aldosterone deficiency, causing hyponatremia. However, chloride levels are not significantly altered, as chloride follows sodium passively. Potassium imbalances (hyperkalemia) are more critical alongside sodium, making this combination less comprehensive than sodium and potassium monitoring.

Choice D reason: Chloride and magnesium abnormalities are not hallmark features of Addison’s disease. While mild chloride changes may occur with sodium loss, magnesium is typically unaffected. The primary electrolyte disturbances involve sodium (hyponatremia) and potassium (hyperkalemia), making these the focus of monitoring in adrenal insufficiency.

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The nurse should advise a client with iron deficiency anemia to take which action to prevent staining of the teeth?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with Addison's disease comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. When assessing this client, the nurse should stay alert for signs and symptoms of:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client has been diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Which of the following manifestations would be expected in this client?

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A nurse is caring for a critically ill client with autonomic dysreflexia. What clinical manifestations would the nurse expect in this client?

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