A client experiencing delirium will most likely have:
An acute medical condition
Progressive deficits in memory of condition
Plaques found on the outside of dead and damaged neurons
Progressive nerve degeneration
The Correct Answer is A
A. An acute medical condition is the most likely cause of delirium. Delirium is typically a temporary, acute confusional state that results from an underlying medical condition, such as infection (e.g., urinary tract infections), dehydration, medications, or metabolic imbalances. Delirium is often reversible once the underlying cause is treated.
B. Progressive deficits in memory of condition refers to conditions like Alzheimer's disease or other types of dementia, where memory loss is gradual and progressive over time. This is not characteristic of delirium, which usually occurs suddenly and may involve a fluctuating course of confusion.
C. Plaques found on the outside of dead and damaged neurons is characteristic of Alzheimer's disease and certain other neurodegenerative disorders. These plaques, made up of amyloid-beta protein, are not associated with delirium.
D. Progressive nerve degeneration describes the pathophysiology of chronic conditions like Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease, where there is a gradual decline in cognitive function due to nerve degeneration. Delirium is an acute condition and does not involve the progressive degeneration seen in these diseases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Providing a safe, non-intimidating, and supportive environment is the most crucial intervention. It allows the patient to feel comfortable and safe enough to disclose sensitive information, like domestic violence. Creating an environment where the patient feels supported and free from judgment is key to encouraging disclosure.
B. Speaking with the patient in the absence of her husband is important, but it is not enough by itself. While the husband may be the abuser, the emotional and physical safety provided by the healthcare team in a supportive environment is essential for disclosure.
C. Interviewing her in the presence of another healthcare professional may be helpful in some situations but can be intimidating if not done carefully. The primary concern is ensuring that the patient feels comfortable and safe to speak freely.
D. Allowing the patient to initiate the topic of violence may not always work, especially if the patient feels threatened, afraid, or emotionally overwhelmed. While it's important to respect the patient's autonomy, being proactive in providing a safe space can encourage her to disclose abuse more readily.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Client will remain free from self-directed violence as evidenced by agreement to a no-suicide contract is more appropriate for a patient who is at risk for suicide or self-harm, but it doesn't specifically address delirium, which involves acute confusion and altered consciousness. A no-suicide contract does not directly address the underlying cognitive issues in delirium.
B. Client will have intact tactile senses as evidenced by ability to recognize familiar objects when placed in his or her hand focuses on sensory perception, which may not be the most relevant outcome for a patient experiencing delirium. Delirium primarily affects cognitive functions such as attention, memory, and orientation, rather than tactile sensations.
C. Client will have decreased confusion as evidenced by orientation to person, place, and time is the most appropriate and specific outcome for delirium. Delirium is characterized by acute confusion and disorientation to time, place, and person, and improving orientation is a key goal in managing delirium.
D. Client will verbalize increased feelings of self-esteem as evidenced by statements acknowledging ability to perform certain tasks independently is more relevant for mental health disorders such as depression or anxiety, where self-esteem and independence are key focuses. While important, it is not a priority outcome for delirium, where the main concern is restoring cognitive function.
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