A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Raynaud's disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD)

Varicose veins

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) This choice is incorrect because while smoking can be a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), diabetes and hypertension are not significant risk factors for this condition. DVT is more commonly associated with prolonged immobility, surgery, or trauma.

B) This choice is incorrect because Raynaud's disease is not directly related to smoking, diabetes, or hypertension. Raynaud's disease involves blood vessel spasms and is more commonly associated with exposure to cold temperatures or stress.

C) This choice is correct. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) involves the narrowing or blockage of arteries in the extremities, leading to reduced blood flow. Smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are significant risk factors for the development of PAD. Smoking damages blood vessels, diabetes increases the risk of atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), and hypertension can lead to arterial damage and narrowing.

D) This choice is incorrect because varicose veins are typically caused by weakened or damaged valves in the veins, leading to the pooling of blood and the development of enlarged and twisted veins. Smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are not primary risk factors for varicose veins.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

For a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) who is prescribed cilostazol, the nurse should provide the following instruction:

C) Avoid grapefruit juice while on cilostazol.

Grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications, including cilostazol, and may lead to increased levels of the medication in the bloodstream. This can potentially cause adverse effects or interfere with the intended therapeutic effects of cilostazol. Therefore, clients taking cilostazol should be advised to avoid grapefruit juice.

The other options are not appropriate:

A) Increasing the dosage of cilostazol without consulting a healthcare provider is not recommended and can be dangerous.

B) Cilostazol can be taken with or without food, so taking it on an empty stomach is not necessary.

D) While compression stockings can be used for some individuals with PAD, their use should be discussed with the healthcare provider and is not specific to cilostazol instructions.

A. The procedure is performed using a small incision in the leg. B. It is essential to keep the leg immobile after the procedure. C. The procedure uses sound waves to visualize blood flow. D. There is a risk of allergic reaction to contrast dye.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because arteriography is an invasive procedure that involves the insertion of a catheter through a blood vessel, typically in the groin or arm, to inject contrast dye directly into the arteries. It is not performed using a small incision in the leg.

B) This choice is incorrect because keeping the leg immobile after an arteriography is not necessary. However, the client will be asked to rest and avoid strenuous activities for a few hours following the procedure.

C) This choice is incorrect because the procedure that uses sound waves to visualize blood flow is a Doppler ultrasound, not an arteriography. Arteriography involves the use of contrast dye and X-rays to visualize the arterial blood vessels.

D) This choice is correct. Arteriography requires the use of contrast dye to enhance the visualization of blood vessels during X-ray imaging. There is a risk of an allergic reaction to the contrast dye, and clients should be informed about this potential complication before the procedure. Precautions may be taken, and the client's medical history should be reviewed to identify any contraindications to the use of contrast dye.

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A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is prescribed cilostazol, a medication that improves blood flow in the legs. The nurse should instruct the client to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for an arteriography. The nurse should provide pre-procedure education, including informing the client that:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD). The nurse should instruct the client to perform which exercise to improve blood flow in the legs?

A nurse is providing education to a client with peripheral vascular disease about ways to improve blood circulation. Which activity should the nurse recommend?

A nurse is teaching a client with peripheral vascular disease about skin care. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A nurse is providing education to a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) about lifestyle modifications. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A nurse is preparing a client for a non-invasive test to assess blood flow and blood pressure in the legs. The nurse informs the client that this test is called:

A nurse is assessing a client with peripheral vascular disease. Which condition is a significant risk factor for the development of venous insufficiency?

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is at risk of developing complications related to impaired skin integrity. What should the nurse include in the plan of care to prevent skin breakdown?

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is prescribed cilostazol. The nurse should instruct the client to report which adverse effect immediately?