A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Raynaud's disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD)

Varicose veins

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) This choice is incorrect because while smoking can be a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), diabetes and hypertension are not significant risk factors for this condition. DVT is more commonly associated with prolonged immobility, surgery, or trauma.

B) This choice is incorrect because Raynaud's disease is not directly related to smoking, diabetes, or hypertension. Raynaud's disease involves blood vessel spasms and is more commonly associated with exposure to cold temperatures or stress.

C) This choice is correct. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) involves the narrowing or blockage of arteries in the extremities, leading to reduced blood flow. Smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are significant risk factors for the development of PAD. Smoking damages blood vessels, diabetes increases the risk of atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), and hypertension can lead to arterial damage and narrowing.

D) This choice is incorrect because varicose veins are typically caused by weakened or damaged valves in the veins, leading to the pooling of blood and the development of enlarged and twisted veins. Smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are not primary risk factors for varicose veins.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because angiography is an invasive procedure that involves the injection of contrast dye into the blood vessels to visualize their structure and blood flow. It is not a non-invasive test.

B) This choice is incorrect because venography is an imaging test that involves the injection of contrast dye into a vein to visualize its flow. It is not commonly used to assess blood flow and blood pressure in the legs.

C) This choice is correct. Doppler ultrasound is a non-invasive test that uses sound waves to assess blood flow and blood pressure in the legs. It helps identify areas of reduced blood flow, blockages, and abnormalities in the blood vessels.

D) This choice is incorrect because magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic imaging technique that provides detailed images of the body's internal structures using a magnetic field and radio waves. While it can be used to assess blood vessels, it is not the primary test for evaluating blood flow in peripheral vascular diseases.

A. Increases due to the weakening of arterial walls. B. Decreases due to improved physical fitness. C. Remains stable with no significant changes. D. Varies depending on gender and ethnicity.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This choice is correct. As individuals age, the risk of peripheral vascular diseases increases due to several factors, including the weakening of arterial walls and the accumulation of plaque in the arteries (atherosclerosis). Aging is associated with changes in blood vessels, such as decreased elasticity and increased stiffness, which can contribute to the development of peripheral vascular diseases.

B) This choice is incorrect because while physical fitness can influence the risk of cardiovascular diseases, age-related changes in blood vessels can still increase the risk of peripheral vascular diseases, even in physically fit individuals.

C) This choice is incorrect because the risk of peripheral vascular diseases does not remain stable with no significant changes. Aging is associated with various physiological changes that can impact cardiovascular health and increase the risk of peripheral vascular diseases.

D) This choice is incorrect because while gender and ethnicity can influence the risk of certain conditions, age is a significant independent risk factor for the development of peripheral vascular diseases. The age-related changes in blood vessels apply to individuals of all genders and ethnicities.

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A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing a client for a non-invasive test to assess blood flow and blood pressure in the legs. The nurse informs the client that this test is called:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is educating a client about risk factors for peripheral vascular diseases. The client asks about the role of age in developing these conditions. The nurse explains that as individuals age, the risk of peripheral vascular diseases:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client with peripheral vascular disease about skin care. The nurse should instruct the client to:

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A client reports experiencing leg pain while walking that improves with rest. The nurse should suspect which peripheral vascular disease?

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A client with peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for an arteriography. The nurse should provide pre-procedure education, including informing the client that:

A nurse is assessing a client with peripheral vascular disease. Which condition is a significant risk factor for the development of venous insufficiency?

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