A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Raynaud's disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD)

Varicose veins

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) This choice is incorrect because while smoking can be a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), diabetes and hypertension are not significant risk factors for this condition. DVT is more commonly associated with prolonged immobility, surgery, or trauma.

B) This choice is incorrect because Raynaud's disease is not directly related to smoking, diabetes, or hypertension. Raynaud's disease involves blood vessel spasms and is more commonly associated with exposure to cold temperatures or stress.

C) This choice is correct. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) involves the narrowing or blockage of arteries in the extremities, leading to reduced blood flow. Smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are significant risk factors for the development of PAD. Smoking damages blood vessels, diabetes increases the risk of atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), and hypertension can lead to arterial damage and narrowing.

D) This choice is incorrect because varicose veins are typically caused by weakened or damaged valves in the veins, leading to the pooling of blood and the development of enlarged and twisted veins. Smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are not primary risk factors for varicose veins.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This choice is correct. Elevating the legs above heart level while sitting can improve venous return, reducing swelling and promoting blood circulation in the legs. This position helps counteract the effects of gravity on blood flow.

B) This choice is incorrect because applying direct heat to the affected extremities is not a recommended method for improving blood circulation in peripheral vascular disease. Heat can cause vasodilation, which may exacerbate symptoms such as swelling and pain.

C) This choice is incorrect because crossing the legs while seated can impede venous return and contribute to blood pooling in the legs. It is not a recommended activity for individuals with peripheral vascular disease.

D) This choice is incorrect because limiting physical activity is not recommended for individuals with peripheral vascular disease. Regular physical activity, such as walking, can actually improve blood circulation and overall vascular health. However, individuals with peripheral vascular disease should be cautious not to overexert themselves and should consult with their healthcare provider regarding appropriate levels of physical activity.

Questions

A. Encouraging the client to massage the legs daily. B. Applying adhesive tape to secure dressings. C. Inspecting the skin regularly for redness or signs of breakdown. D. Using a donut-shaped cushion for sitting.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because encouraging the client to massage the legs daily may not be appropriate for individuals with peripheral vascular disease (PAD). Vigorous massage can damage fragile blood vessels and exacerbate skin breakdown or injury.

B) This choice is incorrect because applying adhesive tape directly to the skin can cause skin trauma and increase the risk of skin breakdown. Dressings should be secured using appropriate medical tapes or dressings that are designed for skin protection.

C) This choice is correct. Regularly inspecting the skin for redness, discoloration, or signs of breakdown is crucial for early detection of impaired skin integrity in clients with peripheral vascular disease (PAD). Prompt identification and intervention can help prevent the development of pressure ulcers or wounds.

D) This choice is incorrect because using a donut-shaped cushion for sitting is generally not recommended for preventing skin breakdown. Donut cushions can increase pressure on the area around the coccyx and may cause more harm than good. Clients at risk of skin breakdown should be repositioned regularly and encouraged to shift their weight to relieve pressure on vulnerable areas.

Questions

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A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education to a client with peripheral vascular disease about ways to improve blood circulation. Which activity should the nurse recommend?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is at risk of developing complications related to impaired skin integrity. What should the nurse include in the plan of care to prevent skin breakdown?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) reports experiencing pain in their legs that occurs with walking and is relieved by rest. The nurse recognizes this symptom as:

A client with peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for an arteriography. The nurse should provide pre-procedure education, including informing the client that:

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected peripheral vascular disease. Which finding is most concerning and requires immediate intervention?

A client with suspected peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for an ankle-brachial index (ABI) test. The nurse explains that this test measures:

A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) who undergoes angioplasty with stent placement. Which post-procedure instruction should the nurse include in the client's education?

A nurse is educating a client about risk factors for peripheral vascular diseases. The client asks about the role of age in developing these conditions. The nurse explains that as individuals age, the risk of peripheral vascular diseases:

A nurse is assessing a client with peripheral vascular disease. Which non-invasive test can the nurse use to assess blood flow in the legs and detect blockages?