A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Raynaud's disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD)

Varicose veins

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) This choice is incorrect because while smoking can be a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), diabetes and hypertension are not significant risk factors for this condition. DVT is more commonly associated with prolonged immobility, surgery, or trauma.

B) This choice is incorrect because Raynaud's disease is not directly related to smoking, diabetes, or hypertension. Raynaud's disease involves blood vessel spasms and is more commonly associated with exposure to cold temperatures or stress.

C) This choice is correct. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) involves the narrowing or blockage of arteries in the extremities, leading to reduced blood flow. Smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are significant risk factors for the development of PAD. Smoking damages blood vessels, diabetes increases the risk of atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), and hypertension can lead to arterial damage and narrowing.

D) This choice is incorrect because varicose veins are typically caused by weakened or damaged valves in the veins, leading to the pooling of blood and the development of enlarged and twisted veins. Smoking, diabetes, and hypertension are not primary risk factors for varicose veins.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because avoiding eating or drinking for 24 hours before the procedure is not typically required for a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with stent placement. The client may be instructed to avoid eating or drinking for a few hours before the procedure to prevent aspiration during sedation, but a 24-hour fast is not necessary.

B) This choice is incorrect because percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with stent placement is typically performed under local anesthesia or conscious sedation, not general anesthesia. General anesthesia is not required for this procedure.

C) This choice is incorrect because percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with stent placement is a minimally invasive procedure that does not involve making a large incision in the abdomen. It is usually performed using small punctures or incisions in the groin or arm to insert a catheter.

D) This choice is correct. A percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with stent placement involves the insertion of a catheter through a blood vessel, typically in the groin or arm, to reach the narrowed or blocked artery. The catheter is used to inflate a small balloon and place a stent to open the artery and improve blood flow. Providing information about the catheter insertion is essential for the client's understanding of the procedure.

A. Encouraging the client to massage the legs daily. B. Applying adhesive tape to secure dressings. C. Inspecting the skin regularly for redness or signs of breakdown. D. Using a donut-shaped cushion for sitting.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because encouraging the client to massage the legs daily may not be appropriate for individuals with peripheral vascular disease (PAD). Vigorous massage can damage fragile blood vessels and exacerbate skin breakdown or injury.

B) This choice is incorrect because applying adhesive tape directly to the skin can cause skin trauma and increase the risk of skin breakdown. Dressings should be secured using appropriate medical tapes or dressings that are designed for skin protection.

C) This choice is correct. Regularly inspecting the skin for redness, discoloration, or signs of breakdown is crucial for early detection of impaired skin integrity in clients with peripheral vascular disease (PAD). Prompt identification and intervention can help prevent the development of pressure ulcers or wounds.

D) This choice is incorrect because using a donut-shaped cushion for sitting is generally not recommended for preventing skin breakdown. Donut cushions can increase pressure on the area around the coccyx and may cause more harm than good. Clients at risk of skin breakdown should be repositioned regularly and encouraged to shift their weight to relieve pressure on vulnerable areas.

Questions

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A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is scheduled for a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PT with stent placement. What pre-procedure information should the nurse provide to the client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is at risk of developing complications related to impaired skin integrity. What should the nurse include in the plan of care to prevent skin breakdown?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) reports experiencing pain in their legs that occurs with walking and is relieved by rest. The nurse recognizes this symptom as:

A nurse is providing education to a client about peripheral vascular diseases. The nurse explains that these diseases primarily affect which body system?

A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) who undergoes angioplasty with stent placement. Which post-procedure instruction should the nurse include in the client's education?

A nurse is providing education to a client with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) about self-care strategies. What should the nurse recommend to the client to promote venous return?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected peripheral vascular disease. Which finding is most concerning and requires immediate intervention?

A client reports experiencing leg pain while walking that improves with rest. The nurse should suspect which peripheral vascular disease?

A nurse is providing education to a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) about lifestyle modifications. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?