A client has a past medical history of coronary artery disease and emphysema.
The nurse knows which agent is safest to give?

Oxygen at 6 liters per minute via nasal cannula.

Ipratropium via metered dose inhaler.

Propranolol by oral administration.

An organic herbal supplement.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Administering oxygen at 6 liters per minute via nasal cannula risks hypercapnia in a client with emphysema due to impaired CO2 elimination. Oxygen should be titrated to maintain safe saturation levels, usually 88–92%.

Choice B rationale

Ipratropium is a bronchodilator that safely alleviates airway constriction in emphysema without systemic cardiovascular effects, making it suitable for a client with coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary conditions.

Choice C rationale

Propranolol is contraindicated in emphysema due to its beta-blocking effects, which may exacerbate bronchoconstriction and reduce respiratory function, posing a significant risk to the client’s health.

Choice D rationale

Organic herbal supplements lack evidence-based safety and efficacy, especially in complex medical conditions like coronary artery disease and emphysema. They can also interact adversely with prescribed medications.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is less likely given the sudden decrease in consciousness. This type of injury typically results in severe headache or focal neurological deficits, not rapid mental decline.

Choice B rationale

Diffuse axonal injury usually presents with persistent unconsciousness rather than sudden deterioration. It results from widespread shearing forces and is less likely with the reported history.

Choice C rationale

Epidural hematoma often presents with a lucid interval followed by sudden neurological decline, as described in this case. Rapid accumulation of blood between the dura and skull can compress brain tissue.

Choice D rationale

Subdural hematoma tends to cause gradual neurological deterioration rather than a sudden decrease in Glasgow Coma Scale. This occurs due to slower venous bleeding. .

A. Soft restraints, suction equipment, a penlight. B. An intravenous pump at bedside, copy of a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). C. Suction equipment, oxygen, patent IV access. D. Bed alarm, primed IV line of 5% Dextrose in water.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Soft restraints are utilized for agitation but are not prioritized in epilepsy care. Emergency equipment like suction ensures airway safety during seizures.

Choice B rationale

Glasgow Coma Scale evaluates neurological function but is less relevant for epilepsy management compared to essential tools like suction equipment for airway protection.

Choice C rationale

Suction equipment and oxygen are vital in epilepsy management to clear secretions and maintain oxygenation during seizures. Patent IV access allows rapid administration of emergency medications.

Choice D rationale

Dextrose infusion is used to treat hypoglycemia rather than seizures. Epilepsy care prioritizes tools like suction and oxygen for immediate seizure-related complications. .

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A client has a past medical history of coronary artery disease and emphysema.The nurse knows which agent is safest to give?

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A client has a past medical history of coronary artery disease and emphysema.
The nurse knows which agent is safest to give?