A client has a past medical history of coronary artery disease and emphysema.
The nurse knows which agent is safest to give?
Oxygen at 6 liters per minute via nasal cannula.
Ipratropium via metered dose inhaler.
Propranolol by oral administration.
An organic herbal supplement.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Administering oxygen at 6 liters per minute via nasal cannula risks hypercapnia in a client with emphysema due to impaired CO2 elimination. Oxygen should be titrated to maintain safe saturation levels, usually 88–92%.
Choice B rationale
Ipratropium is a bronchodilator that safely alleviates airway constriction in emphysema without systemic cardiovascular effects, making it suitable for a client with coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary conditions.
Choice C rationale
Propranolol is contraindicated in emphysema due to its beta-blocking effects, which may exacerbate bronchoconstriction and reduce respiratory function, posing a significant risk to the client’s health.
Choice D rationale
Organic herbal supplements lack evidence-based safety and efficacy, especially in complex medical conditions like coronary artery disease and emphysema. They can also interact adversely with prescribed medications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Automatisms, such as eye blinking and lip smacking, are repetitive, involuntary movements commonly associated with absence seizures. They occur due to brief interruptions in consciousness during seizure activity without major motor involvement.
Choice B rationale
Neurotoxin exposure typically presents with symptoms like weakness, ataxia, and autonomic dysfunction. Increased eye blinking and lip smacking are not specific to neurotoxin-related neurological damage or poisoning.
Choice C rationale
Hyponatremia causes confusion, lethargy, and muscle cramps due to electrolyte disturbance affecting cellular function, but it does not cause specific automatisms like eye blinking or lip smacking in seizure-related conditions.
Choice D rationale
Reversible adverse effects of anticonvulsants often include sedation or cognitive slowing. Automatisms such as blinking and smacking are not typically linked to the pharmacological effects of anticonvulsants.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Brown-Sequard injury results in ipsilateral motor function loss due to corticospinal tract damage and contralateral pain/temperature loss from spinothalamic tract disruption, characteristic of this hemisection spinal cord injury.
Choice B rationale
Central cord injury affects cervical spine and hand function but does not exhibit hemisection symptoms like ipsilateral motor loss or contralateral sensory loss. Symptoms vary and commonly include upper limb weakness.
Choice C rationale
Posterior cord injury primarily impacts dorsal column function, resulting in loss of proprioception and vibration sense. Motor and pain/temperature functions are preserved, unlike in Brown-Sequard injury.
Choice D rationale
Anterior cord injury involves ischemic damage to the anterior spinal artery, leading to motor paralysis and pain/temperature loss bilaterally, not ipsilateral and contralateral as described in the question.
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