A client has come into the clinic with complaints of anorexia for one month with a noted 20-pound weight loss in the past six weeks. The nurse notes mild edema to the lower extremities, thin, dry hair, and brittle nails. What deficiency are these findings most likely related to?
Carbohydrate deficiency
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Protein deficiency
Vitamin A deficiency
The Correct Answer is C
A. Carbohydrate deficiency can lead to low energy levels and weight loss, but it is not primarily associated with edema, brittle nails, or dry hair.
B. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neurological symptoms and anemia, but it does not typically lead to edema or brittle nails.
C. Protein deficiency is correct because it can cause muscle wasting, poor wound healing, thin and dry hair, brittle nails, and edema due to low albumin levels.
D. Vitamin A deficiency is primarily linked to vision problems, dry skin, and an increased risk of infections but does not typically cause edema or brittle nails.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Thinning of the vertebral discs leads to a decrease in height, not weight.
B. Lean body mass actually decreases with aging, contributing to weight loss rather than gain.
C. Spinal kyphosis affects posture but does not significantly contribute to changes in body weight.
D. Loss of muscle tissue (sarcopenia) is correct because aging leads to a decline in muscle mass, which contributes to weight loss. Additionally, a slower metabolism and reduced physical activity further affect body composition.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Wearing gloves before touching the client is not necessary unless the nurse anticipates contact with bodily fluids, non-intact skin, or mucous membranes.
B. Using a separate, disposable blood pressure cuff is an example of transmission-based precautions, not standard precautions, unless the client has an infection requiring contact precautions.
C. Wearing gloves to palpate the tongue and buccal membranes is correct because standard precautions require gloves when there is potential contact with mucous membranes, which can expose the nurse to infectious agents.
D. Wearing a gown, gloves, and mask is unnecessary unless the client has an infection that requires additional precautions beyond standard precautions.
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