A client has come into the clinic with complaints of anorexia for one month with a noted 20-pound weight loss in the past six weeks. The nurse notes mild edema to the lower extremities, thin, dry hair, and brittle nails. What deficiency are these findings most likely related to?

Carbohydrate deficiency

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Protein deficiency

Vitamin A deficiency

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Carbohydrate deficiency can lead to low energy levels and weight loss, but it is not primarily associated with edema, brittle nails, or dry hair.
B. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neurological symptoms and anemia, but it does not typically lead to edema or brittle nails.
C. Protein deficiency is correct because it can cause muscle wasting, poor wound healing, thin and dry hair, brittle nails, and edema due to low albumin levels.
D. Vitamin A deficiency is primarily linked to vision problems, dry skin, and an increased risk of infections but does not typically cause edema or brittle nails.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Reviewing sodium and bicarbonate levels is not the most immediate action. While these lab values may provide useful information, they do not directly assess the suspected condition.
B. Assessing for peptic ulcer disease is incorrect because a tight, distended abdomen with visible arterioles (caput medusae) is more indicative of liver disease, such as cirrhosis or portal hypertension, rather than a gastric ulcer.
C. Assessing the client’s nutritional status may be important, but it is not the priority in this situation. Malnutrition can be a consequence of liver disease, but the nurse should first focus on identifying the underlying condition.
D. Assessing the client for other signs and symptoms of liver disease is correct. A distended abdomen and visible arterioles suggest possible ascites and portal hypertension, both of which are common in liver disease. Further assessment for jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy, or changes in liver enzyme levels would be appropriate.

A. Drink fluids before and after, but not during, meals B. Sit with the head of the bed at a 45-degree angle during meals C. Thoroughly chew small amounts of food with each mouthful D. Be aware of the possibility of temporomandibular joint pain

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Drinking fluids before and after meals but not during meals is incorrect. Clients with dysphagia may require thickened liquids and should sip fluids as needed to facilitate swallowing.
B. Sitting with the head of the bed at a 45-degree angle is incorrect. Clients with dysphagia should be positioned at a 90-degree angle (fully upright) during meals to reduce the risk of aspiration.
C. Thoroughly chewing small amounts of food with each mouthful is correct. Clients with dysphagia should eat slowly, take small bites, and chew food thoroughly to prevent choking and aspiration.
D. Temporomandibular joint pain is not a common issue associated with dysphagia following a stroke. The primary concern is the risk of aspiration.

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A client has come into the clinic with complaints of anorexia for one month with a noted 20-pound weight loss in the past six weeks. The nurse notes mild edema to the lower extremities, thin, dry hair, and brittle nails. What deficiency are these findings most likely related to?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is inspecting a new client's abdomen and notes the presence of a tight, distended abdomen and visible arterioles on the abdominal skin surface. What would the nurse do next?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is providing health education to an elderly client with dysphagia following a recent ischemic stroke. What would be most appropriate for the nurse to include in the education?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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