The nurse is assessing the client's intake and output values for the shift (see chart below).

Intake for the shift

250mL Water

120mL Coffee

500mL Intravenous fluid

135 mL Orange Juice

120 mL Ice Cream

120 mL Jello

Output for the shift

545mL Urine

53mL Wound Drainage

200mL Emesis

375mL Urine

200mL Urine

75mL Loose Stool

480mL Urine

Based on these intake and output findings, what is the priority assessment by the nurse?

Palpate for pitting edema.

Assess for oral temperature.

Inspect the oral mucosa.

Auscultate adventitious lung sounds.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Palpating for pitting edema assesses for fluid overload, but this client is more likely experiencing fluid deficit rather than retention.
B. Assessing oral temperature is important, but there is no indication of infection or fever contributing to fluid loss in this scenario.
C. Inspecting the oral mucosa is correct because the client's total intake (1,245 mL) is significantly lower than their total output (1,928 mL), indicating a negative fluid balance. Signs of dehydration, such as dry oral mucosa, should be assessed first.
D. Auscultating adventitious lung sounds is relevant for fluid overload but is not the priority in a case of fluid deficit.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The client's ability to change position is correct. The Braden Scale assesses sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction/shear. Limited mobility increases the risk for pressure injuries.
B. A history of integumentary disorders is not part of the Braden Scale assessment. The scale focuses on current risk factors rather than past dermatologic conditions.
C. Skin pigmentation is not a factor in pressure ulcer risk assessment. However, in clients with darker skin, early signs of pressure injuries may be harder to detect due to lack of visible blanching.
D. Medications are not directly included in the Braden Scale. While some medications (e.g., steroids) can increase pressure injury risk, the Braden Scale does not specifically assess them.

A. "You are probably sad about that." B. "Are you feeling sad, depressed, angry, or upset?" C. "How does that make you feel right now?" D. "What was the cause of your wife's death?"

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "You are probably sad about that" assumes the client’s emotions rather than allowing them to express their own feelings.
B. "Are you feeling sad, depressed, angry, or upset?" is a closed-ended question that may limit the client’s ability to fully express emotions.
C. "How does that make you feel right now?" is correct because it is an open-ended question that encourages the client to explore and express their emotions in their own words.
D. "What was the cause of your wife's death?" shifts the focus away from the client’s emotions and may come across as insensitive.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is utilizing the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk during the admission assessment of an older adult client. What assessment parameter will the nurse evaluate when using this scale?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

During the interview the client states, "Is today the 12th? My wife died two months ago today." Which of the following responses would be most appropriate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is assessing an older adult client in the emergency room. Upon assessment, the nurse notes that the client is in the tripod position, has dyspnea at rest, wheezing upon auscultation, and an oxygen saturation level of 91%. What significant health problem might the nurse suspect?

The nurse is assessing vital signs and is preparing to measure the client's blood pressure. Prior to obtaining the blood pressure, what action would be most appropriate?

A nurse has completed the review of systems component of the client's health history. Which assessment finding should the nurse document under the review of systems?

A 45-year-old client with dark skin tone comes to the clinic complaining of fatigue, thirst, and frequent urination. During the examination, the nurse notices areas of hyperpigmentation around the neck and in the axillae. What is the priority intervention by the nurse?

A nurse is preparing to examine the chest, extremities, and peripheral pulses of a client who has low back pain. What is the best position to place this client in to assure they are comfortable for the exam?

A client complains of shortness of breath and having to sleep on three pillows to breathe comfortably at night. During the nurse's examination, what findings will suggest that the cause of this client's dyspnea is due to a heart condition rather than respiratory disease?

The nurse is providing health education to an elderly client with dysphagia following a recent ischemic stroke. What would be most appropriate for the nurse to include in the education?