A client has just been diagnosed with an aneurysm. When planning discharge teaching for this client, what instructions should the nurse provide to the client?

Take an herbal form of feverfew

Take opioid analgesics

Avoid heavy lifting

Include peanut butter, bread, or tart foods in the diet

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Feverfew, an herbal supplement, is sometimes used for migraines but has no proven role in aneurysm management. It may affect platelet function, increasing bleeding risk if an aneurysm ruptures, making it an inappropriate and potentially harmful recommendation for this client’s condition.

Choice B reason: Opioid analgesics are not routinely recommended for aneurysm management unless severe pain from rupture occurs. Prophylactic use is inappropriate, as it does not prevent aneurysm complications and may mask symptoms, delaying intervention. Lifestyle measures like avoiding strain are more relevant for prevention.

Choice C reason: Avoiding heavy lifting is critical for clients with an aneurysm, as increased intra-abdominal or thoracic pressure from lifting can elevate blood pressure, risking aneurysm rupture. This lifestyle modification reduces mechanical stress on the aneurysm wall, promoting safety and preventing catastrophic bleeding events.

Choice D reason: Including peanut butter, bread, or tart foods in the diet is unrelated to aneurysm management. Dietary choices do not directly affect aneurysm stability or rupture risk. Blood pressure control and avoiding strain, like heavy lifting, are more critical to prevent aneurysm complications.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) does not determine the cause of TIAs but treats them by removing plaques. Diagnostic tests like carotid ultrasound identify atherosclerosis as the cause. CEA addresses the known obstruction, preventing further ischemic events, not investigating their etiology.

Choice B reason: CEA removes atherosclerotic plaques from the carotid artery, restoring blood flow to the brain. TIAs often result from plaque-induced stenosis, causing transient ischemia. By clearing the blockage, CEA prevents recurrent TIAs and strokes, directly addressing the underlying cause of cerebral hypoperfusion.

Choice C reason: Preventing seizure activity is not the purpose of CEA. Seizures are not common after TIAs, which are transient ischemic events without permanent damage. CEA targets vascular stenosis to prevent ischemia, not neurological complications like seizures, which are unrelated to its mechanism.

Choice D reason: Decreasing cerebral edema is not a goal of CEA. Edema is more associated with hemorrhagic stroke or severe ischemia, not TIAs. CEA restores blood flow by removing plaques, preventing ischemic events, not addressing brain swelling, which requires different interventions like mannitol.

A. A client with extensive burns B. A client who has a diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome C. A client who suffered multiple trauma in a workplace accident D. A client who is being treated for septic shock

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Extensive burns can trigger DIC through tissue damage and inflammation, releasing procoagulants that activate clotting. However, the risk is lower than in septic shock, as burns primarily cause localized injury, and systemic coagulopathy is less intense unless complicated by secondary infection or severe hypoperfusion.

Choice B reason: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may contribute to DIC through inflammation and hypoxia, but it is not the primary driver. ARDS affects lung function, and coagulopathy is secondary to underlying causes like sepsis, which has a more direct and potent effect on widespread clotting activation.

Choice C reason: Multiple trauma increases DIC risk through tissue injury and blood loss, activating coagulation pathways. However, septic shock has a higher risk due to systemic infection driving intense inflammatory and coagulative responses, consuming platelets and clotting factors more aggressively, leading to a greater likelihood of DIC.

Choice D reason: Septic shock poses the highest DIC risk, as systemic infection triggers massive cytokine release and endothelial damage, activating the coagulation cascade. This leads to widespread microthrombi, consuming platelets and clotting factors, causing both thrombosis and bleeding, making septic shock the most likely precipitant in ICU clients.

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A client has just been diagnosed with an aneurysm. When planning discharge teaching for this client, what instructions should the nurse provide to the client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client diagnosed with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) is scheduled for a carotid endarterectomy (CEA). The nurse explains that this procedure will be done for what purpose?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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