A client in the gynecology clinic asks the nurse, ‘’What are the risk factors for developing cervical cancer?’’ Which statement by the nurse is the best response?

A Rhinovirus infection can cause cancer of the cervix

Eating foods high in fat and taking birth control pills are risk factors

The earlier the age of sexual activity and the more partners, the greater the risk

Having yearly Pap smears will protect you from develop cancer

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) A Rhinovirus infection can cause cancer of the cervix
Rhinovirus is primarily associated with the common cold and respiratory infections, not with cervical cancer. The risk factors for cervical cancer are related to persistent infections with certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), especially high-risk types like HPV-16 and HPV-18, which can lead to cervical dysplasia and, eventually, cervical cancer.

B) Eating foods high in fat and taking birth control pills are risk factors
While diet and certain medications may influence overall health, eating foods high in fat and taking birth control pills are not primary risk factors for cervical cancer. Research has shown that certain hormonal contraceptives (especially long-term use) may slightly increase the risk of cervical cancer, but the most significant and well-established risk factor is HPV infection, not fat intake or birth control use.

C) The earlier the age of sexual activity and the more partners, the greater the risk
The major risk factor for cervical cancer is persistent infection with high-risk HPV. Early initiation of sexual activity and having multiple sexual partners increase the risk of HPV infection, which is a leading cause of cervical cancer. HPV is transmitted through sexual contact, and early exposure to the virus, as well as repeated exposure to multiple partners, increases the likelihood of acquiring a high-risk strain of HPV.

D) Having yearly Pap smears will protect you from developing cancer
While Pap smears (Pap tests) are important for detecting precancerous changes (such as dysplasia) or early-stage cervical cancer, they do not prevent cancer. Pap smears can help identify abnormal cell changes that can be treated before they develop into cancer, but they do not protect against the development of cancer.

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Correct Answer is ["12"]

Explanation

Given:

Ordered dose of Heparin: 20 units/kg

Patient weight: 132 lbs

Concentration of Heparin: 25,000 units/250 mL (100 units/mL)

Step 1: Convert patient weight from pounds to kilograms:

1 pound (lb) = 0.453592 kilograms (kg)

Patient weight in kg = 132 lbs x 0.453592 kg/lb = 59.87424 kg

Step 2: Calculate the total dose of Heparin:

Total dose (units) = Ordered dose (units/kg) x Patient weight (kg)

Total dose (units) = 20 units/kg x 59.87424 kg

Total dose (units) = 1197.4848 units

Step 3: Calculate the volume to be administered:

Volume (mL) = Total dose (units) / Concentration (units/mL)

Volume (mL) = 1197.4848 units / 100 units/mL

Volume (mL) = 11.974848 mL

Step 4: Round to the nearest whole number:

Volume (mL) ≈ 12 mL

A. includes the head-to-toe anterior and posterior assessment B. focuses on the ABCDE's to identify life threating problems C. includes the use of a standard pain scale and past medical/surgical history D. consists of analyzing the results of the diagnostic testing

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Includes the head-to-toe anterior and posterior assessment:
While a head-to-toe physical assessment is important in trauma care, it is not the first priority. The primary assessment focuses on immediate life-threatening conditions, and the head-to-toe assessment would come after the initial stabilization of the patient's airway, breathing, circulation, and disability. A comprehensive physical examination is crucial but secondary to addressing urgent life threats.

B) Focuses on the ABCDE's to identify life-threatening problems:
The ABCDE's (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure) are the primary framework for assessing and stabilizing a trauma patient. This approach is used to identify and prioritize life-threatening problems. It ensures that the most critical issues, such as airway obstruction, respiratory failure, shock, and neurological deficits, are addressed first. This protocol is the gold standard in trauma care and is the most appropriate initial assessment in major trauma.

C) Includes the use of a standard pain scale and past medical/surgical history:
While it is important to assess pain and gather a medical history in the trauma patient, these are secondary considerations after addressing immediate threats to life. Pain management and obtaining a full history are crucial, but they are not as urgent as addressing airway, breathing, and circulation issues. These should be part of a more detailed secondary assessment once the patient is stable.

D) Consists of analyzing the results of the diagnostic testing:
Diagnostic testing, such as imaging studies and lab work, are important but are not the first priority. The primary assessment should focus on the ABCDE's. Diagnostic results are typically analyzed after the patient is stabilized, as they provide additional information but do not address immediate survival needs.

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A client in the gynecology clinic asks the nurse, ‘’What are the risk factors for developing cervical cancer?’’ Which statement by the nurse is the best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is to receive a bolus of Heparin 20 units/kg. The patient weighs 132 lbs. The medication is supplied as 25,000 units/250 mL. How many mL will the nurse give? (round to the nearest whole number)

Correct Answer is ["12"]

Explanation

The nurse understands the primary assessment for a patient following a major trauma:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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