A client is admitted to the critical care unit (CCU) with a third degree complete heart block. A temporary transvenous pacemaker is inserted by the healthcare provider (HCP). An hour after pacemaker insertion, the device stops sensing the client's intrinsic heart rate. Which action should the nurse implement first?
Turn off the pacemaker.
Check the sensitivity control.
Increase the milliamps (mA).
Position the client on the left side.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Turn off the pacemaker. Turning off the pacemaker is not appropriate because the client has a third-degree heart block, which means their heart is not conducting impulses properly. Disabling the pacemaker could lead to severe bradycardia or asystole. The goal is to troubleshoot the issue rather than stopping pacing altogether.
B. Check the sensitivity control. Loss of sensing means the pacemaker is not detecting the client's intrinsic heart activity, which can lead to inappropriate pacing or failure to respond to the heart’s natural rhythm. Adjusting the sensitivity setting ensures that the pacemaker can recognize the client's heartbeats and pace appropriately. This is the first step in troubleshooting pacemaker malfunctions related to sensing issues.
C. Increase the milliamps (mA). Increasing the milliamps (mA) is used when there is failure to capture, meaning the pacemaker is delivering impulses but the heart is not responding. Since the problem here is failure to sense, adjusting the sensitivity setting is the correct first action.
D. Position the client on the left side. Repositioning the client is sometimes recommended for displacement of a transvenous pacemaker lead, but in this case, the issue is sensing failure, not lead displacement. Checking and adjusting the pacemaker settings is a more appropriate first step before considering repositioning.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Insert a large bore peripheral IV catheter. The client is showing signs of shock (tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnea) likely due to envenomation and systemic venom effects. Rapid IV access is essential for fluid resuscitation, administration of antivenom, and management of shock. A large bore (18-gauge or larger) IV catheter allows for aggressive fluid therapy to maintain perfusion and prevent circulatory collapse.
B. Raise extremity above the heart. Elevating the limb can increase venom circulation, worsening systemic effects. Instead, the affected extremity should be kept at heart level to slow venom spread while ensuring adequate perfusion.
C. Tighten the cloth around the leg. Further tightening the makeshift tourniquet can lead to vascular compromise, ischemia, and increased local tissue damage. Modern guidelines discourage tourniquets as they do not prevent venom spread effectively and may worsen outcomes. The best approach is to loosen or remove restrictive bindings and keep the limb immobilized at heart level.
D. Apply ice over the bite mark. Cold therapy is contraindicated as it can worsen tissue damage by causing vasoconstriction, trapping venom, and increasing necrosis. Instead, the priority is IV access, fluid resuscitation, and preparing for possible antivenom administration.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Administer famotidine 20 mg IV. Famotidine is a histamine-2 receptor antagonist used for stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill patients. While this medication may be beneficial, it is not the priority intervention based on the insulin protocol and the client's blood glucose level.
B. Titrate insulin infusion by 1 unit/hour. The client’s blood glucose is 160 mg/dL, which falls within the 150–199 mg/dL range according to the insulin protocol. The protocol directs the nurse to increase the insulin drip rate by 1 unit/hour to maintain blood glucose levels below 150 mg/dL. This is the most immediate and appropriate action.
C. Increase dopamine 2 mcg/kg. The client’s MAP is 66 mmHg, which meets the protocol goal of keeping MAP >65 mmHg. There is no indication for increasing dopamine at this time, as the blood pressure is already within the target range.
D. Raise oxygen by 10 percent. The client is on 50% FiO₂ via a face mask with an oxygen saturation of 92%, which is adequate oxygenation for a critically ill patient. Increasing FiO₂ unnecessarily may contribute to oxygen toxicity and is not required based on current oxygenation status.
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