A client is admitted to the emergency department with a magnesium level of 1.2 mg/dL. The nurse is aware that a likely cause of the value is which of the following:

Alcoholism.

Dehydration.

Kidney failure.

Excessive magnesium intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Alcoholism is a common cause of hypomagnesemia due to poor dietary intake, increased renal excretion, and gastrointestinal losses. Chronic alcohol consumption leads to malnutrition and loss of magnesium through the urine, contributing to low magnesium levels.

Choice B rationale

Dehydration typically leads to hemoconcentration, which can elevate, rather than decrease, magnesium levels. Thus, it is not usually associated with low magnesium levels.

Choice C rationale

Kidney failure generally causes hypermagnesemia, not hypomagnesemia, because the kidneys cannot efficiently excrete magnesium, leading to its accumulation in the blood.

Choice D rationale

Excessive magnesium intake would result in hypermagnesemia, not hypomagnesemia, as the body accumulates more magnesium than it can excrete.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Notifying the healthcare provider is necessary, but assessing the client's condition comes first to provide relevant information.

Choice B rationale

Assessing the client's vital signs and telemetry monitor is the first step to determine the cause of chest pain and ensure it is not due to a life-threatening issue such as myocardial infarction.

Choice C rationale

Encouraging the client to take deep breaths can be helpful but is not the first priority. It addresses pain related to breathing but not the underlying cause.

Choice D rationale

Administering pain medication is important, but only after determining the cause of the chest pain and ruling out serious complications.

A. Administer a laxative to cleanse the bowel before the CT scan. B. Administer the biguanide medication as scheduled. C. Advise the client to fast for 24 hours before the CT scan. D. Ensure the client is adequately hydrated before the CT scan.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Administering a laxative is not necessary for a CT scan of the abdomen with contrast. Laxatives are typically used for bowel preparation for procedures like colonoscopies.

Choice B rationale

Biguanide medications such as metformin should be held before and after the administration of contrast medium to prevent lactic acidosis, particularly in clients with liver disease.

Choice C rationale

Fasting for 24 hours is not required before a CT scan with contrast medium. Typically, clients are asked to fast for a few hours prior to the procedure.

Choice D rationale

Ensuring the client is adequately hydrated helps to protect kidney function and reduce the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy. Hydration is especially important for clients with a history of liver disease.

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A client is admitted to the emergency department with a magnesium level of 1.2 mg/dL. The nurse is aware that a likely cause of the value is which of the following:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

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