A client is admitted to the emergency room with renal calculi. Upon assessment, which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Bradycardia
Bradypnea
Severe pain
Nocturia
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Bradycardia, which is a slower than normal heart rate, is not a common finding associated with renal calculi. Renal calculi, or kidney stones, typically cause symptoms related to the urinary system rather than directly affecting the heart rate.
Choice B reason: Bradypnea, or abnormally slow breathing, is also not a typical symptom of renal calculi. Patients with kidney stones may experience changes in urination patterns, such as frequency or urgency, but not typically changes in respiratory rate.
Choice C reason: Severe pain is indeed the most common symptom associated with renal calculi. This pain, known as renal colic, is often sudden in onset, very severe, and may radiate from the back down to the lower abdomen or groin. The pain is caused by the stone moving into the ureter and causing a blockage, which leads to increased pressure and stretching of the kidney or ureter. Renal calculi can cause a range of symptoms, with severe pain being the most prominent and often the first symptom that leads individuals to seek medical care. The pain is typically very intense and can be accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and hematuria (blood in the urine).
Choice D reason: Nocturia, or frequent urination at night, can be a symptom of renal calculi, especially if the stones affect the bladder or cause urinary tract infections. However, the most characteristic symptom of renal calculi is severe pain, not necessarily nocturia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:Cardiac enzyme studies do not provide information about the heart's structure or the mobility of the heart valves; imaging studies are used for that purpose.
Choice B reason:While cardiac enzymes indicate damage to heart tissues, they do not pinpoint the exact location of an MI; imaging studies are needed for localization.
Choice C reason:Cardiac enzymes are not used to diagnose pulmonary congestion; they are specific markers for myocardial injury.
Choice D reason:Cardiac enzyme levels, such as troponin, rise when there is damage to the heart muscle, which is why they are used to assess the degree of damage after an MI.
Correct Answer is ["35"]
Explanation
- Step 1: Identify the total volume to be administered. The nurse is scheduled to administer 840 mL of enteral nutrition over a 24-hour period.
- Step 2: Identify the total time over which the volume is to be administered. The total time is 24 hours.
- Step 3: Calculate the rate at which the infusion pump should be set. We can do this by dividing the total volume by the total time:
- Rate = Total Volume ÷ Total Time.
- Rate = 840 mL ÷ 24 hours.
- Calculating the division gives us: Rate = 35 mL/hr.
set the infusion pump to deliver 35 mL/hr.
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