A client is admitted with cough, congestion, bilateral rales, and clear nasal drainage. In reviewing the differential WBC the nurse notes the lymphocytes are elevated. How should the nurse interpret the elevated lymphocytes?
as an allergic response
as an inflammatory response
as a viral infection
as a bacterial infection
The Correct Answer is C
A. Allergic responses typically involve an increase in eosinophils rather than lymphocytes.
B. While an inflammatory response may involve an increase in lymphocytes, the presentation of clear nasal drainage and cough with bilateral rales suggests a respiratory infection rather than a generalized inflammatory process.
C. Elevated lymphocytes are often indicative of a viral infection, as the body mounts an immune response to fight off the viral invader.
D. Bacterial infections typically involve an increase in neutrophils rather than lymphocytes, although lymphocytosis may occur in some bacterial infections as part of the immune response.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Normal joint wear and tear typically do not result in bony enlargements, deviation of fingers, or hard, painless joints.
B. Osteomyelitis is a bone infection and would present with symptoms such as fever, localized pain, swelling, and redness over the affected bone, rather than bony enlargements of the joints.
C. Uric acid deposits are associated with conditions like gout and would typically manifest as acute attacks of severe pain, redness, and swelling in the affected joint, rather than the chronic, painless joint deformities seen in the scenario described.
D. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of the synovium, leading to joint deformities, bony enlargements, and deviation of fingers. Joints affected by RA are typically hard, painless, and may exhibit ulnar deviation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Species immunity refers to immunity shared by all members of a species to certain pathogens, which is not the case here.
B. Natural immunity refers to immunity that is acquired naturally, often through exposure to a pathogen such as contracting mumps during childhood.
C. Artificially acquired immunity is acquired through deliberate actions such as vaccination, which does not apply in this scenario.
D. Passive immunity is temporary immunity transferred from one individual to another, such as through maternal antibodies passed to an infant, which does not apply in this case.
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