A client is being seen in the clinic to rule out mitral valve stenosis. Which assessment data would be an early indication of this condition?

The client's blood pressure has decreased since the last visit

The client's liver is enlarged and the abdomen is edematous

The client has jugular vein distention and 3+ pedal edema

The client complains of shortness of breath when walking

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. The client's blood pressure has decreased since the last visit. Decreased blood pressure is not a typical early sign of mitral valve stenosis.

B. The client's liver is enlarged and the abdomen is edematous. These are signs of more advanced heart failure, which can result from mitral valve stenosis but are not early indicators.

C. The client has jugular vein distention and 3+ pedal edema. Jugular vein distention and pedal edema are later signs of heart failure caused by mitral valve stenosis, not early signs.

D. The client complains of shortness of breath when walking. Shortness of breath on exertion is an early sign of mitral valve stenosis as the left atrium is unable to effectively pump blood into the left ventricle, leading to pulmonary congestion and difficulty breathing.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Pelvic fracture: Pelvic fractures may cause significant pain and instability but do not typically result in a shortened, adducted, and externally rotated leg.

B. Femoral neck fracture: These findings (shortened, adducted, externally rotated leg) are classic for a femoral neck fracture due to muscle contraction and displacement of the bone.

C. Tibia fracture: Tibia fractures typically present with swelling and deformity, not shortening or rotation of the leg.

D. Fibula fracture: A fibula fracture alone rarely causes leg shortening or rotation as it is a non-weight-bearing bone.

A. Suppresses ectopic ventricular sites B. Increases SA node automaticity C. Increases myocardial contractibility D. Decreases AV node conduction

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Suppresses ectopic ventricular sites: Atropine primarily increases heart rate; it does not directly suppress ectopic ventricular activity.

B. Increases SA node automaticity: Atropine blocks the parasympathetic nervous system, increasing SA node activity and heart rate in cases of bradycardia or asystole.

C. Increases myocardial contractility: This effect is more related to drugs like inotropes (e.g., dopamine), not atropine.

D. Decreases AV node conduction: Atropine actually increases conduction through the AV node by blocking vagal stimulation.

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A client is being seen in the clinic to rule out mitral valve stenosis. Which assessment data would be an early indication of this condition?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a client and find their right leg is shortened, adducted and externally rotated. These assessment findings would indicate which type of injury?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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