A client is clenching the jaw closed to avoid taking a prescribed oral medication. The nurse can use this observation to confirm the client is demonstrating motor function of which cranial nerve?

Glossopharyngeal

Trigeminal

Vagus

Facial

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   The glossopharyngeal nerve is involved in several functions, including taste sensation on the posterior third of the tongue, salivation, and the sensation of the pharynx. It also plays a role in swallowing and gag reflex. However, it is not responsible for the movement of the jaw or clenching of the jaw.
B.   The trigeminal nerve is responsible for sensation in the face and also controls the muscles of mastication (chewing). It has both sensory and motor functions. The motor branches of the trigeminal nerve, specifically the mandibular division, innervate the muscles that allow for jaw movement, including clenching.
C.   The vagus nerve has a broad range of functions, including regulating heart rate, digestive tract motility, and some aspects of speech and swallowing. It does not control jaw movement or clenching, so it is not relevant to this observation.
D.   The facial nerve controls the muscles of facial expression, including movements like smiling, frowning, and closing the eyes. It is not involved in the motor control of the jaw or clenching actions.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Decorticate rigidity is characterized by flexion of the arms and extension of the legs. In this posture, the upper arms are flexed and held tightly to the sides, with the elbows, wrists, and fingers also flexed. The legs are extended and internally rotated.
B. Flaccid posture, or flaccidity, is characterized by a complete lack of muscle tone, which leads to a limp and lifeless appearance. There is no resistance to passive movement, and the muscles are weak or paralyzed.

C. Decerebrate rigidity is characterized by extension of both the arms and the legs. In this posture, the arms are extended at the sides with the wrists and fingers flexed, and the legs are extended and internally rotated. This type of rigidity indicates damage to the brainstem below the red nucleus.
D. Hemiplegia refers to paralysis of one side of the body, which can result from brain injury or stroke affecting one hemisphere of the brain. The affected side will have limited or no movement and muscle tone.

A. Extinction B. Stereognosis C. Proprioception D. Two-point discrimination

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Extinction refers to the phenomenon where a person fails to recognize a stimulus on one side of the body when another stimulus is presented simultaneously on the opposite side. This is often tested in cases of neurological impairment, particularly in the context of sensory neglect or loss
B. Stereognosis is the ability to identify an object by touch and proprioception without visual input. It involves recognizing the shape, size, and texture of an object solely through tactile information. Placing a coin in the patient’s hand and asking them to identify it with their eyes closed tests their ability to use tactile information to recognize objects, making stereognosis the correct term for this assessment.
C. Proprioception is the sense of the position and movement of the body and its parts. It involves awareness of body position in space, which is crucial for coordination and balance. While important, proprioception does not specifically involve identifying objects by touch alone; it is more about the awareness of body position.
D. Two-point discrimination is the ability to distinguish between two closely spaced points of contact on the skin. It tests the sensitivity of the skin to touch and is often used to assess sensory nerve function. It does not involve identifying objects by touch but rather measuring how well one can discern between two separate points of contact.

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A client is clenching the jaw closed to avoid taking a prescribed oral medication. The nurse can use this observation to confirm the client is demonstrating motor function of which cranial nerve?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In the Neuro ICU, a comatose patient has this posture in bed: Upper arms are flexed tight to the sides with elbows, wrists, and fingers flexed. The legs are extended and internally rotated. The nurse interprets this posture as:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse places a coin in the patient's hand, the patient is with eyes closed. The ability to identify an object by feeling it is defined as:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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