A client is discussing their sleep patterns with a nurse during an assessment. The client mentions that they frequently wake up during the night and have difficulty falling back asleep. The client also reports snoring loudly and occasionally waking up gasping for air. These symptoms are most indicative of which type of sleep disorder?

Insomnia.

Narcolepsy.

Restless legs syndrome.

Sleep apnea.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:

Insomnia is characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing non-restorative sleep, often resulting in daytime impairments. The symptoms mentioned in the question, such as snoring loudly and waking up gasping for air, are more indicative of sleep apnea rather than insomnia. Insomnia does not typically involve loud snoring or gasping for air.

Choice B rationale:

Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that involves excessive daytime sleepiness, sudden and uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep (called cataplexy), and disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle. While the client in the question reports waking up gasping for air and loud snoring, these symptoms are not characteristic of narcolepsy. Narcolepsy symptoms are more related to sudden sleep attacks and disruptions in REM sleep.

Choice C rationale:

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized by an uncomfortable sensation in the legs that leads to an irresistible urge to move them, often occurring at rest and during the evening or nighttime. It can disrupt sleep due to the need to move the legs, but it does not typically cause loud snoring or waking up gasping for air. RLS is more associated with uncomfortable sensations in the legs rather than breathing-related symptoms.

Choice D rationale:

Sleep apnea involves repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep and symptoms such as loud snoring, gasping for air, and excessive daytime sleepiness. The client's symptoms of snoring loudly and waking up gasping for air are characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea, where the airway becomes blocked or collapses during sleep, leading to temporary pauses in breathing.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Allergies are not typically considered medical disorders that directly contribute to sleep and wakefulness disorders. Allergic reactions can lead to discomfort and difficulty breathing, but they are not primary contributors to sleep disturbances.

Choice B rationale:

Degenerative neurologic illnesses, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, can disrupt sleep patterns. These conditions may lead to changes in sleep architecture, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, and other sleep-related issues.

Choice C rationale:

Infections can cause temporary disruptions in sleep due to symptoms like fever, discomfort, and respiratory issues. However, infections are not among the primary medical disorders known for contributing to chronic sleep and wakefulness disorders.

Choice D rationale:

Mood disorders like depression and anxiety can significantly impact sleep and wakefulness. Depression may lead to insomnia or oversleeping, while anxiety can cause difficulty falling asleep and maintaining sleep. Both conditions can affect sleep quality and duration.

Choice E rationale:

Caffeine consumption is a lifestyle factor, not a medical disorder. While caffeine intake, especially close to bedtime, can interfere with sleep, it is not classified as a medical disorder contributing to sleep and wakefulness disorders.

A. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device. B. Oral appliance therapy (OAT). C. Weight loss. D. Surgery. E. Medication (dopamine agonists).

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device. This is a correct choice. CPAP is the primary treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It involves wearing a mask that delivers a constant stream of air to keep the airway open during sleep, preventing the breathing interruptions characteristic of OSA.

Choice B rationale:

Oral appliance therapy (OAT). While OAT can be used for mild to moderate OSA, it is not as commonly used as CPAP. It involves wearing a custom-fitted oral device that helps keep the airway open by repositioning the jaw during sleep.

Choice C rationale:

Weight loss. This is a correct choice. Weight loss can significantly improve OSA, especially in cases where excess weight contributes to airway obstruction. Losing weight reduces the amount of tissue that can narrow the airway during sleep.

Choice D rationale:

Surgery. Surgical interventions may be considered for severe cases of OSA that don't respond well to CPAP or other treatments. Surgeries can involve removing excess tissue from the throat, repositioning the jaw, or creating a new airway passage. However, surgery is not as commonly used as CPAP or weight loss.

Choice E rationale:

Medication (dopamine agonists). Medications are not commonly used for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Dopamine agonists are typically used to treat conditions like Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome, not OSA.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

(Select All That Apply):. A nurse is assessing a client's medical history for potential risk factors for sleep and wakefulness disorders. Which of the following are considered medical disorders that can contribute to these disorders? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is providing education on treatment options for sleep-related breathing disorders. Select all of the following interventions that are commonly used for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is educating a group of individuals about the methods used in diagnosing sleep and wakefulness disorders. Which of the following assessment components involves monitoring brain waves, eye movements, muscle activity, heart rate, breathing patterns, and body position during sleep?

(Select all that apply):. A nurse is educating a group of patients about the treatment options for sleep and wakefulness disorders. Which of the following options would the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply.

A nurse is assessing a patient who has been experiencing sleep deprivation. The patient complains of feeling more anxious and irritable lately. Which statement made by the patient aligns with the potential impacts of sleep and wakefulness disorders?

A client is describing their experiences with sleep and wakefulness disorders. Select all the potential consequences of sleep deprivation that the client mentions.

A client is concerned about their sleep quality and is seeking help. What would be the appropriate action for the nurse to take?

A nurse is planning care for a patient with insomnia. Which of the following goals would be appropriate for this patient?

A nurse is conducting a teaching session on types of sleep and wakefulness disorders. Which of the following classifications is characterized by abnormal behavioral, experiential, physiological, or psychological events occurring during sleep or sleep-wake transitions?