A nurse is planning care for a patient with insomnia. Which of the following goals would be appropriate for this patient?

Choice A rationale:

These symptoms are normal and do not require further assessment. Rationale: This choice is not accurate. The client's symptoms of frequently waking up too early, feeling tired during the day, difficulty concentrating, and irritability are not considered normal sleep patterns. These symptoms could indicate an underlying issue that requires further assessment and intervention.

Choice B rationale:

These symptoms are indicative of a healthy sleep pattern. Rationale: This choice is incorrect. The symptoms described by the client are not indicative of a healthy sleep pattern. Waking up too early, feeling tired during the day, difficulty concentrating, and irritability are signs of disrupted sleep rather than a healthy sleep pattern.

Choice C rationale:

These symptoms align with sleep and wakefulness disorders. Rationale: This choice is the correct answer. The client's reported symptoms are consistent with sleep and wakefulness disorders. Waking up too early (early morning awakenings), feeling tired during the day, difficulty concentrating, and irritability are commonly associated with disorders like insomnia or sleep apnea. Further assessment and evaluation are needed to determine the specific disorder and appropriate treatment.

Choice D rationale:

These symptoms are primarily related to a lack of physical activity. Rationale: This choice is incorrect. While physical activity can contribute to overall well-being and sleep quality, the client's symptoms are not primarily related to a lack of physical activity. The described symptoms are more indicative of sleep-related issues rather than solely being attributed to a lack of exercise.

Choice A rationale:

Medication (short-term use) is not the commonly recommended intervention for a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep. While medication might be considered in certain cases, it is usually not the first-line treatment option for this condition. Medications can have side effects and may not address the underlying causes of the sleep disorder.

Choice B rationale:

Relaxation techniques can be helpful for improving sleep quality and managing stress, but they are not typically the primary intervention for excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep. Relaxation techniques focus more on promoting relaxation and reducing stress, which might indirectly improve sleep patterns but may not directly address the specific disorder described.

Choice C rationale:

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is commonly recommended for a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep. CBT for insomnia (CBT-I) is an evidence-based approach that addresses the psychological and behavioral factors contributing to sleep disturbances. It focuses on improving sleep hygiene, modifying negative thought patterns about sleep, and establishing a consistent sleep schedule. CBT has shown effectiveness in treating sleep disorders without the potential side effects of medications.

Choice D rationale:

Avoiding alcohol and caffeine is generally a good practice for promoting healthy sleep, but it alone is not the commonly recommended intervention for a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep. While avoiding alcohol and caffeine can help prevent sleep disturbances, it might not fully resolve the underlying disorder causing excessive sleepiness.