A client is scheduled to have a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) to treat coronary artery disease.
What information about the balloon-tipped catheter would the nurse plan to include when providing client education concerning the procedure?

A mesh-like device within the catheter will be inflated causing it to spring open.

The catheter will be positioned in a coronary artery to take pressure measurements in the vessel.

The catheter will be used to compress the plaque against the coronary blood vessel wall.

The catheter will cut away the plaque from the coronary vessel wall using an embedded blade.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

A mesh-like device within the catheter that springs open is characteristic of a stent, not a balloon-tipped catheter used in PTCA. Stents are often used in conjunction with angioplasty to keep the artery open after the balloon has compressed the plaque.

Choice B rationale

While catheters can be used to take pressure measurements, this is not the primary function of the balloon-tipped catheter in PTCA. The main purpose of the balloon-tipped catheter is to compress the plaque against the artery wall to improve blood flow.

Choice C rationale

The balloon-tipped catheter in PTCA is used to compress the plaque against the coronary blood vessel wall. This process, known as balloon angioplasty, helps to widen the artery and improve blood flow to the heart.

Choice D rationale

Cutting away plaque with an embedded blade is a description of atherectomy, not PTCA. Atherectomy involves a different type of catheter designed to remove plaque from the artery wall.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Unilateral joint involvement is not typical of rheumatoid arthritis. This condition usually affects joints symmetrically, meaning both sides of the body are involved. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the synovium, leading to inflammation and joint damage.

Choice B rationale

Ulnar deviation is a common finding in rheumatoid arthritis. It occurs due to chronic inflammation and damage to the joints, particularly in the hands. The fingers may deviate towards the ulnar side (the side of the little finger) due to the weakening of the ligaments and tendons.

Choice C rationale

Decreased sedimentation rate is not a typical finding in rheumatoid arthritis. In fact, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is usually elevated in this condition due to the ongoing inflammation. ESR is a marker of inflammation and is used to monitor disease activity.

Choice D rationale

Fractures of the spine are not a common finding in rheumatoid arthritis. While osteoporosis can be a complication of rheumatoid arthritis, leading to an increased risk of fractures, the spine is not typically the primary site of joint involvement in this condition.

A. Maintain the client in a supine position. B. Maintain a high-Fowler’s position when the client is in bed. C. Elevate the stump on a pillow. D. Position the client on the abdomen for 20 to 30 minutes twice a day.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice D rationale

Positioning the client on the abdomen for 20 to 30 minutes twice a day helps prevent hip flexion contractures. This position stretches the hip flexor muscles, reducing the risk of contractures and promoting better range of motion.

Choice A rationale

Maintaining the client in a supine position does not effectively prevent hip flexion contractures. It is important to vary the client’s position to avoid stiffness and promote mobility.

Choice B rationale

Maintaining a high-Fowler’s position when the client is in bed can increase the risk of hip flexion contractures. This position keeps the hip flexed, which can lead to contractures over time.

Choice C rationale

Elevating the stump on a pillow can help reduce swelling but does not address the prevention of hip flexion contractures. The focus should be on positioning that stretches the hip flexors.

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A client is scheduled to have a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) to treat coronary artery disease. What information about the balloon-tipped catheter would the nurse plan to include when providing client education concerning the procedure?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is assigned to care for a client who is 2 days postoperative after an above-the-knee amputation of the right leg. The nurse plans to implement which measure to prevent hip contractures?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A client is scheduled to have a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) to treat coronary artery disease.
What information about the balloon-tipped catheter would the nurse plan to include when providing client education concerning the procedure?