A client is to have hemodialysis. What must the nurse do before this treatment?

Administer scheduled medications

Explain that dialysis occurs via the peritoneum

Weigh the client to determine a baseline for comparison

Obtain a serum creatinine to determine kidney function

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Administer scheduled medications: Some medications (e.g., antihypertensives, water-soluble vitamins, and antibiotics) should be held before dialysis to prevent removal during treatment.

B. Explain that dialysis occurs via the peritoneum: This describes peritoneal dialysis, not hemodialysis.

C. Weigh the client to determine a baseline for comparison: Pre-dialysis weight is crucial to determine fluid removal needs during dialysis. Weight differences before and after dialysis indicate fluid loss or retention.

D. Obtain a serum creatinine to determine kidney function: Serum creatinine levels are monitored regularly but are not a required step before every dialysis session.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. ST depression: ST depression is associated with hypokalemia or ischemia.

B. Tall peaked T waves: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0 mEq/L) causes tall, peaked T waves due to abnormal repolarization. Severe hyperkalemia (>6.5 mEq/L) can lead to cardiac arrest.

C. Prolonged ST segment: Not a characteristic of hyperkalemia.

D. Prominent U wave: A U wave is seen in hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.

A. Obtain vital signs B. Bolus the client with 1000 m of normal saline C. Turn off the dialysis machine immediately D. Notify the health care provider as soon as possible

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Obtain vital signs: Dizziness and lightheadedness during dialysis suggest hypotension, a common complication. The nurse should first assess vital signs to determine the severity before taking further action.

B. Bolus the client with 1000 mL of normal saline: If the client is hypotensive, a smaller fluid bolus (e.g., 250–500 mL) would be more appropriate.

C. Turn off the dialysis machine immediately: Stopping dialysis abruptly may cause fluid overload and other complications. The rate may need adjustment but not immediate cessation.

D. Notify the health care provider as soon as possible: While important, assessing the client’s current status is the priority before contacting the provider.

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A client is to have hemodialysis. What must the nurse do before this treatment?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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