A client is undergoing diagnostic testing for aortic stenosis. What statement by the client during the nurse's interview is most suggestive of this valvular disorder?
"I get chest pain from time to time, but it usually resolves with rest."
"Sometimes when I'm resting, I can feel my heart skip a beat."
"My feet and ankles have gotten very puffy the last few weeks."
"Whenever I do any form of exercise, I get very short of breath."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "I get chest pain from time to time, but it usually resolves with rest.": While chest pain (angina) can occur with aortic stenosis, it is not as specific as the symptom described in option D. Angina could be related to various other cardiac conditions, including coronary artery disease.
B. "Sometimes when I'm resting, I can feel my heart skip a beat.": Palpitations or feeling like the heart skips a beat are common in many cardiac arrhythmias but are not specifically indicative of aortic stenosis.
C. "My feet and ankles have gotten very puffy the last few weeks.": Edema (puffy feet and ankles) is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure or other conditions like chronic venous insufficiency, not specifically aortic stenosis.
D. "Whenever I do any form of exercise, I get very short of breath.": Dyspnea on exertion is a classic symptom of aortic stenosis. It occurs because the narrowed aortic valve obstructs blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta, reducing cardiac output and causing exertional symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Joint contractures: Joint contractures are a common manifestation of systemic scleroderma, but they are not directly related to altered tissue perfusion. They are more related to skin and tissue fibrosis.
B. Peripheral arterial dilation: Peripheral arterial dilation is not typically associated with systemic scleroderma. Instead, peripheral vasoconstriction, such as in Raynaud's phenomenon, is more common.
C. Raynaud's phenomenon: Raynaud's phenomenon, characterized by episodic vasospasm of small arteries in response to cold or stress, can lead to impaired tissue perfusion, especially in the extremities.
D. Pulmonary fibrosis: Pulmonary fibrosis is a complication of systemic scleroderma that affects lung tissue, but it is not directly related to altered tissue perfusion. It may lead to impaired gas exchange rather than altered perfusion.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hamburger on a bun, banana: This choice is high in protein and potassium, which may not be suitable for someone with chronic renal disease, as excessive potassium intake can be harmful to individuals with impaired kidney function.
B. Carrots, green leafy vegetables, a pear: This choice is low in potassium and phosphorus, making it suitable for someone with chronic renal disease. Carrots and green leafy vegetables are generally lower in potassium, and a pear is a low-potassium fruit option.
C. Spaghetti with meat sauce, breadstick: This choice may be high in protein and sodium, depending on the sauce and breadstick ingredients, which may not be ideal for someone with chronic renal disease.
D. Cold cuts with bun, blueberries: Cold cuts can be high in sodium, and blueberries are moderately high in potassium, so this choice may not be appropriate for someone with chronic renal disease.
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