A client newly diagnosed with chronic renal failure asks the nurse about the prognosis. What is the nurse's best response?

A. Incorrect. While chronic renal failure is often irreversible, the rate of decline in kidney function can vary depending on the underlying cause and the effectiveness of treatment and management.

B. Incorrect. While appropriate lifestyle changes and medications can improve the client's quality of life and slow the progression of the disease, chronic renal failure is a chronic condition that may require ongoing management.

C. Incorrect. Chronic renal failure is generally not curable, but proper management can help stabilize the condition and slow the progression of kidney damage.

D. Correct. The prognosis for chronic renal failure can vary widely depending on factors such as the cause of kidney disease, the stage of kidney damage, and the client's response to treatment. Early intervention, such as controlling blood pressure and blood sugar levels, can help slow the progression of kidney damage and improve long-term outcomes.

A. Incorrect. While assessing vital signs and blood pressure is important, it is not the first action when the client reports cloudy dialysate effluent during an exchange.

B. Correct. Cloudy dialysate effluent may indicate peritonitis, an infection of the peritoneal cavity. Obtaining a sample of the effluent for testing is the first action to determine if an infection is present and requires immediate treatment.

C. Incorrect. Instructing the client to stop the exchange immediately may be necessary if there are signs of infection or other complications, but obtaining a sample of the effluent should be done first to determine the cause.

D. Incorrect. Providing the client with an analgesic is not the priority when the client reports cloudy dialysate effluent; the focus is on identifying the cause of the cloudiness.