A client with chronic renal failure is experiencing fluid overload and hypertension. Which medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed to address these complications?

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE. inhibitor

Phosphate binder

Erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA.

Potassium-sparing diuretic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Correct. ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed to manage hypertension and fluid overload in clients with chronic renal failure. These medications help relax blood vessels, reduce fluid retention, and lower blood pressure.

B. Incorrect. Phosphate binders are prescribed to control phosphate levels, but they do not directly address fluid overload and hypertension.

C. Incorrect. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESA. are used to manage anemia in chronic renal failure and do not specifically address hypertension or fluid overload.

D. Incorrect. Potassium-sparing diuretics may not be the first for managing fluid overload and hypertension in chronic renal failure, especially if the client has elevated potassium levels. ACE inhibitors are a more suitable option in this scenario.

QUESTIONS

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Correct. Peripheral neuropathy, characterized by tingling sensations or "pins and needles" in the hands and feet, is a common neurological complication of chronic renal failure. Uremic toxins build up in the blood when the kidneys are unable to adequately filter waste products, leading to nerve damage and peripheral neuropathy.

B. Incorrect. Increased blood flow to the extremities is not typically associated with the "pins and needles" sensation described by the client.

C. Incorrect. Adequate nerve conduction related to calcium levels would not cause the "pins and needles" sensation; instead, disturbances in calcium levels can lead to other neurological symptoms.

D. Incorrect. Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, can cause muscle weakness or cramps but is not typically associated with peripheral neuropathy.

A. Proteinuria B. Hypokalemia C. Hypernatremia D. Fluid overload

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Proteinuria, or the presence of excessive protein in the urine, may be a symptom of kidney dysfunction, but it is not directly related to periorbital edema and swelling of the ankles and feet.

B. Incorrect. Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, may cause muscle weakness and other symptoms but is not associated with the specific edema described.

C. Incorrect. Hypernatremia, or high sodium levels, may lead to symptoms such as thirst and confusion but does not typically cause peripheral edema.

D. Correct. Periorbital edema (swelling around the eyes) and edema in the ankles and feet are classic signs of fluid overload in chronic renal failure. The impaired kidney function in chronic renal failure leads to the retention of fluid and sodium in the body, resulting in edema.

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A client with chronic renal failure is experiencing fluid overload and hypertension. Which medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed to address these complications?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure who complains of "pins and needles" sensation in their hands and feet. What should the nurse recognize as the possible cause of this symptom?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with chronic renal failure is experiencing periorbital edema and swelling of the ankles and feet. Which complication should the nurse suspect based on these clinical manifestations?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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