A client with chronic renal failure is experiencing fluid overload and hypertension. Which medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed to address these complications?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE. inhibitor
Phosphate binder
Erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA.
Potassium-sparing diuretic
The Correct Answer is A
A. Correct. ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed to manage hypertension and fluid overload in clients with chronic renal failure. These medications help relax blood vessels, reduce fluid retention, and lower blood pressure.
B. Incorrect. Phosphate binders are prescribed to control phosphate levels, but they do not directly address fluid overload and hypertension.
C. Incorrect. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESA. are used to manage anemia in chronic renal failure and do not specifically address hypertension or fluid overload.
D. Incorrect. Potassium-sparing diuretics may not be the first for managing fluid overload and hypertension in chronic renal failure, especially if the client has elevated potassium levels. ACE inhibitors are a more suitable option in this scenario.
QUESTIONS
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Increasing the intake of potassium-rich foods may not be appropriate, especially if the client's potassium levels are already elevated due to chronic renal failure. High potassium levels can lead to muscle cramps.
B. Incorrect. While regular weight-bearing exercises are beneficial for overall health, they may not specifically address or alleviate muscle cramps in chronic renal failure.
C. Correct. Engaging in stretching exercises before bedtime can help reduce the frequency of muscle cramps in clients with chronic renal failure. Stretching can help relax and lengthen muscles, reducing the risk of cramping.
D. Incorrect. Taking over-the-counter calcium supplements without proper evaluation of calcium levels can be dangerous and may contribute to other imbalances in chronic renal failure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Hyperkalemia, or high potassium levels, can cause muscle weakness and potentially cardiac arrhythmias, but it is not typically associated with difficulty concentrating or irritability.
B. Incorrect. Hyponatremia, or low sodium levels, can cause neurological symptoms such as confusion and headache, but it is not typically associated with muscle cramps.
C. Incorrect. Hypocalcemia, or low calcium levels, can cause muscle cramps and neurological symptoms, but it is not specifically associated with difficulty concentrating and irritability.
D. Correct. Hyperphosphatemia, or high phosphorus levels, is common in chronic renal failure due to impaired kidney function. Elevated phosphorus levels can lead to the binding of calcium, resulting in decreased ionized calcium in the blood. This can cause neuromuscular irritability, difficulty concentrating, and muscle cramps.
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