A nurse is assessing a client's risk factors for chronic renal failure. Which medical condition should the nurse recognize as a significant risk factor for kidney disease?

A. Incorrect. While assessing vital signs and blood pressure is important, it is not the first action when the client reports cloudy dialysate effluent during an exchange.

B. Correct. Cloudy dialysate effluent may indicate peritonitis, an infection of the peritoneal cavity. Obtaining a sample of the effluent for testing is the first action to determine if an infection is present and requires immediate treatment.

C. Incorrect. Instructing the client to stop the exchange immediately may be necessary if there are signs of infection or other complications, but obtaining a sample of the effluent should be done first to determine the cause.

D. Incorrect. Providing the client with an analgesic is not the priority when the client reports cloudy dialysate effluent; the focus is on identifying the cause of the cloudiness.

A. Incorrect. While proper medication adherence can help prevent drug interactions, it is not the primary reason for advising clients to take medications as prescribed in chronic renal failure.

B. Incorrect. Medication adherence may or may not directly impact the cost of treatment, but the main reason for consistent use is to manage the condition effectively.

C. Correct. Adhering to medication regimens in chronic renal failure is crucial for slowing the progression of kidney damage. Medications are prescribed to control blood pressure, manage complications, and reduce the strain on the kidneys.

D. Incorrect. Medication adherence is essential, but it does not eliminate the need for dietary restrictions in chronic renal failure. Dietary modifications are also a vital part of managing the condition effectively.