A client reports a dry mouth, blurry vision and a feeling of not being able to fully empty their bladder. The nurse suspects the client is having which type of adverse reaction?

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Teratogenicity

Parkinson-like syndrome

Anticholinergic effects

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: Causes fever, muscle rigidity, autonomic instability, and altered mental status-not dry mouth or blurry vision.

B. Teratogenicity: Refers to birth defects from medications taken during pregnancy.

C. Parkinson-like syndrome: Involves tremors, muscle rigidity, and bradykinesia-not dry mouth or blurry vision.

D. Anticholinergic effects: Symptoms of dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary retention are classic signs of anticholinergic side effects caused by medications like antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, and some antipsychotics.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Fatigue: While a side effect, it is less likely to cause medication discontinuation.

B. Vaginal discharge: Uncommon reason for stopping medication, unless severe (e.g., antifungal reactions).

C. Urinary frequency: More manageable and less likely to cause nonadherence compared to ED.

D. Erectile Dysfunction: Sexual side effects, such as erectile dysfunction (ED), are a leading cause of medication nonadherence, particularly with antihypertensives (e.g., beta-blockers, diuretics) and antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs).

A. at the start of medication therapy B. when clients take medication on an empty stomach C. when clients like high doses of medication D. when clients take multiple medications

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. At the start of medication therapy: Side effects are most common when a client first begins taking a new medication because the body is not yet accustomed to the drug. Over time, tolerance may develop, and some side effects may diminish.

B. When clients take medication on an empty stomach – Some medications cause more side effects when taken on an empty stomach (e.g., NSAIDs causing gastritis), but this is not true for all medications.

C. When clients take high doses of medication – Higher doses may increase the risk of toxicity rather than routine side effects.

D. When clients take multiple medications – Drug interactions are more likely when taking multiple medications, but this does not mean that side effects are most common in this situation.

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A client reports a dry mouth, blurry vision and a feeling of not being able to fully empty their bladder. The nurse suspects the client is having which type of adverse reaction?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client tells the nurse they stopped taking a medication due to its side effects. Which of the following is a common cause of medication nonadherence?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is reinforcing medication teaching with a client. The nurse explains that side effects are most likely to occur.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a post-surgical patient who was prescribed controlled substances classified schedule IV substances as:

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