A client required endotracheal intubation with sedation due to being in status epilepticus.
An electroencephalogram (EEG) monitor is prescribed by the physician.
The client's family member asks, "if he's resting now, why does he need that monitor too?" The nurse instructs the family member that the EEG:

Helps determine if there has been bleeding to brain tissue.

Checks for adequate oxygen intake by cerebral tissue.

Will assess brain waves to see if seizure activity is still occurring.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

While bleeding could indicate trauma, EEG does not detect blood presence or volume but instead evaluates electrical brain activity indicative of neuronal function.

Choice B rationale

Cerebral oxygen intake assessment requires pulse oximetry or arterial blood gas analysis rather than EEG, which monitors electrical signals, not oxygenation status.

Choice C rationale

EEG identifies abnormal brain wave patterns suggesting ongoing seizure activity, even in sedated patients, aiding in targeted interventions and preventing potential complications.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Kaposi's Sarcoma is a vascular malignancy associated with AIDS caused by human herpesvirus 8. It presents as purple or brown skin lesions due to abnormal angiogenesis and endothelial proliferation in immunocompromised patients.

Choice B rationale

Candidiasis stomatitis typically manifests as white patches on the mucosa due to fungal overgrowth, not purple or brown spots. It is caused by Candida species, commonly seen in immunosuppressed individuals.

Choice C rationale

Cryptosporidiosis primarily leads to gastrointestinal symptoms such as watery diarrhea due to parasitic infection in AIDS patients, but does not cause purple or brown spots on the skin.

Choice D rationale

Meningitis causes inflammation of the meninges, leading to symptoms like headache, stiff neck, and fever. It does not present with purple or brown lesions on the skin.

A. Automatisms associated with this type of seizure. B. The client may have been exposed to a neurotoxin. C. An electrolyte imbalance, likely hyponatremia. D. A reversible adverse effect of anticonvulsant drugs.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Automatisms, such as eye blinking and lip smacking, are repetitive, involuntary movements commonly associated with absence seizures. They occur due to brief interruptions in consciousness during seizure activity without major motor involvement.

Choice B rationale

Neurotoxin exposure typically presents with symptoms like weakness, ataxia, and autonomic dysfunction. Increased eye blinking and lip smacking are not specific to neurotoxin-related neurological damage or poisoning.

Choice C rationale

Hyponatremia causes confusion, lethargy, and muscle cramps due to electrolyte disturbance affecting cellular function, but it does not cause specific automatisms like eye blinking or lip smacking in seizure-related conditions.

Choice D rationale

Reversible adverse effects of anticonvulsants often include sedation or cognitive slowing. Automatisms such as blinking and smacking are not typically linked to the pharmacological effects of anticonvulsants.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) states that they have developed purple, brown spots on their body.Which opportunistic infection does the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse observes increased eye blinking and lip smacking in a client who has a history of absence seizures.The nurse is aware these symptoms indicate:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is educating on the placement of a ventriculostomy (intraventricular catheter) to the family of a patient diagnosed with a brain injury.The nurse states, "The ventriculostomy is placed:

A client has had a stapedectomy for otosclerosis 24 hours ago.What must the nurse teach the client about post-operative care?

The nurse is caring for several patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Which of the following patients is at the greatest risk of anoxic brain injury?

A nurse is caring for a patient with a spinal cord injury who is about to be transferred to a wheelchair for physical therapy.The patient complains of feeling dizzy and is diaphoretic.What would be the priority nursing action?

The nurse on the brain injury unit observes a patient who displays inappropriate sexual behavior.What would be the best response by the nurse?

A 64-year-old client is prescribed bifocals to correct myopia and presbyopia.To evaluate the effectiveness of the lenses, the nurse will assess the client for:

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