A client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease asks the nurse "Why did I develop this disease? What caused it?" Which response should the nurse provide?
"It develops due to an autoimmune reaction after a recent infection."
"The exact cause is unknown, but it's thought to involve a combination of genetics and environmental factors."
"The cause is thought to be reactivation of a virus in cranial nerve VII."
"It is caused by demyelination of nerves in the brain and spinal cord."
The Correct Answer is B
A. Parkinson's disease is not generally considered to be caused by an autoimmune reaction or a recent infection. Autoimmune reactions leading to neurodegeneration are more commonly associated with other conditions such as multiple sclerosis, not Parkinson's disease.
B. The exact cause of Parkinson's disease is indeed unknown, but research suggests that it results from a combination of genetic predispositions and environmental factors. Genetic mutations may contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease in some individuals, while environmental factors such as exposure to certain toxins or other external influences might also play a role. The interplay between these factors is still being studied.
C. There is no evidence to support the idea that Parkinson's disease is caused by the reactivation of a virus affecting cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve). Parkinson's disease involves the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, not specifically related to viral reactivation or isolated to cranial nerve VII.
D. Demyelination of nerves is characteristic of multiple sclerosis, not Parkinson's disease. In Parkinson's disease, the primary issue is the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain, not demyelination. This option describes a different pathological process unrelated to Parkinson's disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hemoglobin levels measure the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. A reduced ejection fraction (30%) is more closely related to heart failure or significant cardiac dysfunction, which is not directly indicated by changes in hemoglobin levels.
B. Platelet levels are primarily involved in blood clotting and are less directly related to ejection fraction. Elevated or decreased platelet counts are not typically used as indicators of heart failure severity or reduced ejection fraction.
C. In cases of severe heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction, you may see elevated BUN levels due to these effects. However, it is not directly related to heart failure.
D. BNP is a hormone released by the heart in response to increased pressure and volume overload, typically seen in heart failure. Elevated BNP levels are associated with worsening heart failure and can be elevated in patients with a reduced ejection fraction. In heart failure, especially with an ejection fraction as low as 30%, BNP levels are often significantly elevated.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. This statement is relevant to the patient's health but does not indicate a need for further action by the nurse. Omeprazole is a common medication for acid reflux.
B. This statement is appropriate for patients with asthma. Fluticasone is a maintenance inhaler used to prevent asthma attacks, and taking it regularly as prescribed is important.
C. This statement is correct. Albuterol is a quick-relief inhaler used to treat asthma attacks.
D. This statement indicates a potential interaction with the patient's asthma medications. Beta-blockers like metoprolol can worsen asthma symptoms in some patients. The nurse should discuss this with the patient's doctor to determine if the benefits of metoprolol outweigh the risks for this individual.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.