A nurse is caring for a client who has inflammation of the glomeruli which was discovered by a routine urinalysis. The nurse understands that which of the following autoimmune disorders can cause chronic glomerulonephritis?

A. Atorvastatin is a statin used primarily to manage hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol levels) and reduce cardiovascular risk. However, it is not specifically used to treat heart failure symptoms or manage acute exacerbations.
B. Furosemide is a loop diuretic commonly used to manage heart failure. It helps reduce fluid overload by promoting diuresis (increased urine production), which can help alleviate symptoms of heart failure such as edema and pulmonary congestion.
C. Methimazole is an antithyroid medication used to manage hyperthyroidism. It is not used to treat heart failure. Thyroid disorders can impact heart failure, but methimazole itself does not address the acute symptoms or underlying mechanisms of heart failure.
D. Apixaban is an anticoagulant (blood thinner) used to prevent blood clots in conditions like atrial fibrillation. However, it is not used specifically to manage acute heart failure symptoms.
E. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that can be used to manage heart failure, especially in patients with atrial fibrillation. It helps improve cardiac output and control heart rate. Digoxin can be useful in managing heart failure symptoms by enhancing the heart's contractility and controlling the heart rate.

A. Ethnicity alone is not a known risk factor for ALS. ALS has a relatively uniform incidence across different ethnic groups. Studies have not demonstrated a significant correlation between ALS and being of Asian descent specifically.

B. There is limited evidence suggesting that consuming well water could be associated with an increased risk of ALS, particularly if the well water is contaminated with certain toxins or heavy metals. However, this is not a widely established risk factor and is less directly linked to ALS compared to other known risk factors.
C. Working in agriculture has been identified as a potential risk factor for ALS. Agricultural workers are often exposed to various environmental toxins, pesticides, and herbicides, which have been associated with an increased risk of developing ALS. This occupational exposure is considered a significant risk factor for the disease.
D. Military veterans are known to have an increased risk of developing ALS. Several studies have shown that veterans, particularly those who served in combat or were exposed to specific environmental hazards during their service, have a higher incidence of ALS compared to the general population.