A client, who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), now presents with a CD4+ count of less than 200 cells/mm and pneumocystic pneumonia.
A normal range for a CD4+ count is 500-1500 cells/mm.
How would the nurse evaluate these findings? The client:

Choice A rationale

Fluid intake does not directly impact intraocular pressure. Management of glaucoma focuses on medications like eye drops and surgical interventions rather than restricting fluid intake.

Choice B rationale

Glaucoma treatments, including eye drops, aim to manage intraocular pressure. These medications are required lifelong to prevent optic nerve damage and preserve vision.

Choice C rationale

Excess salt impacts systemic blood pressure but does not directly influence intraocular pressure. Glaucoma management targets ocular pressure, not dietary sodium reduction.

Choice D rationale

Avoiding eye overuse may reduce strain but does not address intraocular pressure. Effective glaucoma treatment relies on pharmacological or surgical measures rather than activity limitation.

Choice A rationale

Scheduled voiding relies on the patient’s ability to control bladder function, which is ineffective in cases of a flaccid bladder caused by spinal cord injuries.

Choice B rationale

External catheters, such as condom catheters, are suited for patients with partial bladder control but are not appropriate for flaccid or atonic bladder management.

Choice C rationale

Indwelling urinary catheters may be used short-term but pose higher risks of urinary tract infections and are not optimal for long-term management of flaccid bladder.

Choice D rationale

Intermittent catheterization is the preferred method for managing flaccid bladder, ensuring complete bladder emptying while minimizing infection risks compared to indwelling catheters.