A client who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies is admitted to the hospital with Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP) and a CD4+ T-Cell count of less than 200 cells/µL. Based on the diagnostic criteria established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which statement by the nurse is correct?

"The client meets the criteria for the chronic asymptomatic HIV infection phase."

"The client has developed Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)."

"The client's CD4+ T-cell count is within the normal range."

"The client meets the criteria for the acute HIV infection phase."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because a CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and the presence of PCP are indicative of AIDS, not the chronic asymptomatic phase of HIV.

Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL and an opportunistic infection such as PCP meet the CDC criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. A CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/µL is below the normal range and is one of the criteria for an AIDS diagnosis.

Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because the acute HIV infection phase is characterized by a high viral load and a decrease in CD4+ T-cell count, but not necessarily below 200 cells/µL or the presence of opportunistic infections.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: It is important to empty the bladder completely to prevent urine from remaining in the bladder, which can promote bacterial growth. However, this choice is not specific to teaching and is a general practice for anyone.

Choice B reason: Wearing cotton underpants is recommended because cotton is breathable and reduces moisture buildup, which can create an environment conducive to bacterial growth. The normal range for breathability in fabrics is not quantifiable but is a qualitative characteristic.

Choice C reason: Wiping from front to back helps prevent the spread of bacteria from the anal area to the urethra, which can reduce the risk of UTI. This is a key teaching point for preventing UTI recurrence.

Choice D reason: Bubble baths can irritate the urethral opening and are associated with an increased risk of UTIs, especially in children. Avoiding them is a preventive measure that should be included in the teaching.

Choice E reason: Watching for manifestations of infection, such as fever, pain, or changes in urine, is crucial for early detection and treatment of UTIs. Parents should be taught to monitor these signs closely.

A. Sweat chloride content 85 mEq/L B. 72-hour stool analysis sample indicating hard, packed stools C. Increased blood levels of fat-soluble vitamins D. Chest x-ray negative for atelectasis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: A sweat chloride content of 85 mEq/L is indicative of cystic fibrosis, as normal values are below 30 mEq/L, and values above 60 mEq/L are diagnostic for cystic fibrosis.

Choice B reason: Hard, packed stools could be a sign of cystic fibrosis but are not as diagnostic as a sweat chloride test.

Choice C reason: Increased blood levels of fat-soluble vitamins are not typically associated with cystic fibrosis; patients often have deficiencies due to malabsorption.

Choice D reason: A chest x-ray negative for atelectasis does not indicate cystic fibrosis, as atelectasis can be present in many conditions.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a parent of a child who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the diagnostic findings for a preschool-age child who is suspected of having cystic fibrosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of cystic fibrosis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a group of guardians about influenza. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is teaching a guardian about parallel play in children. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is preparing a toddler for an intravenous catheter insertion using atraumatic care. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a child who is dying. Which of the following are findings of impending death? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is performing an admission assessment for a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a male infant who has epispadias. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is teaching a group of caregivers about separation anxiety. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is teaching an adolescent to self-administer a corticosteroid medication using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply)