A client who is under extreme stress will have an increased production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone. The nurse should expect a decrease in which clinical finding?

A. "How often do you punish him by giving him a time-out or by using physical discipline?": This response focuses on the mother's disciplinary methods rather than addressing the child's behavior directly. It may come across as judgmental or critical of the mother's parenting approach and does not provide helpful guidance or support.

B. "Physical punishment is not the best way to modify a child's behavior.": This response is appropriate because it addresses the mother's concern about punishment for the child's behavior. It educates the mother about the ineffectiveness and potential harm of physical punishment in modifying behavior. Instead, positive reinforcement, redirection, and open communication are recommended strategies for guiding children's behavior.

C. "It isn't unusual for him to fondle his genitals, as this is part of his exploration of his body.": This response normalizes the child's behavior of touching and playing with his genitals as part of natural childhood development. It reassures the mother that such behavior is common and not necessarily indicative of abnormality or misconduct. Education about normal childhood sexual development can alleviate parental concerns and promote understanding and acceptance.

D. "Constantly touching the genitals indicates a urinary tract infection in a toddler.": This response is incorrect and may unnecessarily alarm the mother. While frequent touching of the genitals could indicate discomfort or irritation associated with a urinary tract infection in a toddler, it is not the case for a 7-year-old child. Additionally, it is essential to avoid making medical diagnoses without proper assessment by a healthcare professional.

E. "Give him a little time, and he'll grow out of it. He's just too young to understand right now." This response acknowledges the child's developmental stage and suggests that the behavior is likely temporary and will naturally resolve as the child matures. It reassures the mother that the behavior is typical for a child of this age and may not require immediate intervention.

A. White blood cells (WBCs): The nurse should monitor the client's white blood cell count to assess their ability to withstand exposure to pathogens. WBCs are integral to the body's immune response, as they play a crucial role in defending against infections. An elevated or decreased WBC count can indicate an underlying infection or immune dysfunction, helping the nurse identify potential risks to the client's health. Regular monitoring of WBC levels allows for timely intervention and assessment of the client's immune status.

B. Platelets: Platelets are primarily responsible for blood clotting and are not directly involved in the body's immune response to pathogens. While they are important for hemostasis and preventing excessive bleeding, monitoring platelet count is not directly indicative of a client's ability to withstand exposure to pathogens.

C. Red blood cells: Red blood cells (RBCs) are responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body and are not directly involved in the immune response to pathogens. Monitoring red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels is important for assessing oxygen-carrying capacity and detecting conditions such as anemia, but it does not provide specific information about the client's ability to combat infections.

D. Hematocrit: Hematocrit measures the proportion of red blood cells in the blood and is used to assess blood volume and oxygen-carrying capacity. While changes in hematocrit levels may indirectly indicate certain health conditions, such as dehydration or polycythemia, it does not directly reflect the client's immune status or ability to withstand exposure to pathogens.