A client with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is being cared for on the critical care unit. The client with this condition is most at risk for which of the following?

Hyperthermia

Peripheral neurovascular dysfunction

Ineffective airway clearance

Excess fluid volume

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Hyperthermia is not a primary risk in SIADH. This condition involves excessive ADH, leading to water retention and hyponatremia, not temperature dysregulation. Hyperthermia may occur in infections or neurological conditions, but it is not directly related to the fluid overload characteristic of SIADH pathophysiology.

Choice B reason: Peripheral neurovascular dysfunction is not a primary concern in SIADH. The condition causes water retention, leading to dilutional hyponatremia and potential cerebral edema, not vascular or nerve issues in the extremities. Peripheral dysfunction is more associated with conditions like diabetes mellitus or vascular disease.

Choice C reason: Ineffective airway clearance is not directly linked to SIADH. While severe hyponatremia could cause neurological symptoms like seizures, airway clearance issues are more typical in respiratory conditions. SIADH primarily affects fluid balance, leading to water overload, not mucus production or airway obstruction risks.

Choice D reason: Excess fluid volume is the primary risk in SIADH due to excessive ADH, which promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to fluid overload and dilutional hyponatremia. This can cause symptoms like edema, hypertension, and, in severe cases, cerebral edema, making it the most critical concern.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: An occluded urinary catheter is the most likely trigger for autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injury above T6. Bladder distension stimulates sympathetic overactivity, causing hypertension and bradycardia. This noxious stimulus below the injury level disrupts autonomic regulation, making catheter occlusion a common precipitant of this condition.

Choice B reason: A changed analgesia regimen is unlikely to cause autonomic dysreflexia. Pain may contribute to discomfort, but dysreflexia typically results from visceral stimuli like bladder or bowel distension. Analgesia changes do not directly trigger the sympathetic overresponse characteristic of this life-threatening condition.

Choice C reason: Failure to reposition may cause pressure injuries but is less likely to precipitate autonomic dysreflexia. While discomfort from immobility can contribute, visceral stimuli like catheter occlusion are more direct triggers, as they strongly activate the sympathetic nervous system below the spinal injury level.

Choice D reason: A blood transfusion is not a common cause of autonomic dysreflexia. Transfusions may cause reactions like fever, but dysreflexia results from stimuli like bladder distension. Transfusion-related complications do not typically trigger the autonomic overresponse seen in spinal cord injury patients with dysreflexia.

A. Dilute urine B. Hypernatremia C. Increased serum osmolality D. Concentrated urine

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Dilute urine is not expected in SIADH, as excessive ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys’ collecting ducts, leading to concentrated urine with high osmolality. Dilute urine is characteristic of diabetes insipidus, where ADH deficiency causes excessive water loss, producing large volumes of dilute urine.

Choice B reason: Hypernatremia is not a manifestation of SIADH. Excessive ADH causes water retention, diluting serum sodium and leading to hyponatremia. Hypernatremia occurs in conditions like diabetes insipidus, where water loss concentrates sodium, opposite to the fluid overload seen in SIADH.

Choice C reason: Increased serum osmolality is not typical in SIADH. Water retention due to excessive ADH dilutes serum sodium and osmol Jon the same paragraph, and the correct answer with detailed scientific rationales for each choice. The text will be in regular font, with no bold, and each question will be clearly numbered with two lines skipped after the number and one line after the question. I will avoid in-text citations and ensure scientific explanations are detailed and at least 58 words long.

Choice D reason: Concentrated urine is a hallmark of SIADH due to excessive ADH, which promotes water reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts, reducing urine volume and increasing its osmolality. This contrasts with diabetes insipidus, where dilute urine is produced, making concentrated urine a key diagnostic feature of SIADH.

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A client with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is being cared for on the critical care unit. The client with this condition is most at risk for which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who suffered a spinal cord injury is experiencing an exaggerated autonomic response. What aspect of the client’s current health status is most likely to have precipitated this event?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client has been diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Which of the following manifestations would be expected in this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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