A client with angina pectoris is prescribed ranolazine (Ranexa) as an anti-anginal medication. What is the primary action of ranolazine in managing angina?

Increasing heart rate and cardiac output.

Dilating coronary arteries and improving blood flow to the heart.

Reducing myocardial oxygen demand and improving oxygen utilization.

Preventing platelet aggregation and reducing the risk of clot formation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) This choice is incorrect because ranolazine does not increase heart rate and cardiac output. Instead, it has a neutral effect on heart rate.

B) This choice is incorrect because ranolazine does not directly dilate coronary arteries. Its primary action is to reduce myocardial oxygen demand and improve oxygen utilization in the heart.

C) This choice is correct. Ranolazine is an anti-anginal medication that primarily works by reducing myocardial oxygen demand. It achieves this by inhibiting the late sodium current in cardiac cells, which helps decrease intracellular calcium levels, thereby reducing the energy required for the heart's contraction and relaxation. This results in improved oxygen utilization in the heart muscle and decreased anginal symptoms.

D) This choice is incorrect because ranolazine is not an antiplatelet medication. Its mechanism of action is related to its effects on myocardial oxygen demand and utilization, not its impact on platelet aggregation and clot formation.

Questions

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A: This choice is incorrect because nitroglycerin tablets should not be swallowed immediately; they are designed to dissolve under the tongue to provide rapid relief from chest pain.
B: This choice is incorrect as nitroglycerin tablets do not need to be taken with water; they should dissolve sublingually and taking them with water could dilute the medication, reducing its effectiveness.
C: This choice is incorrect because crushing the tablet and mixing it with food would delay and potentially reduce the absorption of the medication, which is critical during an episode of angina.
D: This is the correct instruction because nitroglycerin tablets are very sensitive to light and moisture, which can reduce their effectiveness. Keeping them in their original bottle ensures they are protected from environmental factors that could degrade the medication.

A. "CABG surgery involves inserting a stent to keep your coronary artery open and improve blood flow to your heart." B. "It is a procedure to remove plaque from your coronary arteries and improve blood circulation." C. "CABG surgery is a minimally invasive procedure to repair damaged heart valves and improve cardiac function." D. "It is a surgical procedure to bypass blocked coronary arteries and restore blood flow to your heart."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because inserting a stent is a part of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and not coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). CABG involves using blood vessels (grafts) to bypass blocked coronary arteries and restore blood flow to the heart.

B) This choice is incorrect because removing plaque from coronary arteries is not the primary purpose of CABG. CABG involves bypassing blocked arteries rather than removing the plaque.

C) This choice is incorrect because repairing damaged heart valves and improving cardiac function is a different surgical procedure, such as valve repair or replacement surgery. CABG does not address heart valve issues.

D) This choice is correct. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a surgical procedure that involves taking a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body and grafting it to the blocked coronary artery. The graft bypasses the blockage, restoring blood flow to the heart and improving myocardial oxygen supply. CABG is used to treat significant coronary artery disease and improve cardiac function in clients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction.

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A client with angina pectoris is prescribed ranolazine (Ranexa) as an anti-anginal medication. What is the primary action of ranolazine in managing angina?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with angina pectoris is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. What instructions should the nurse provide about taking nitroglycerin?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with unstable angina is scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The client asks the nurse about the purpose of this surgery. How should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is admitted with chest pain, and the nurse is assessing for clinical manifestations of myocardial infarction (MI). Which assessment finding is concerning and requires immediate action?

A client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI) is scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The client asks the nurse about the purpose of this procedure. How should the nurse respond?

A client who had an MI is advised to quit smoking to reduce the risk of future cardiac events. The client expresses difficulty in quitting and asks the nurse for suggestions. What should the nurse recommend?

A client with unstable angina is prescribed heparin therapy. The client asks the nurse about the purpose of this medication. How should the nurse respond?

A client presents to the emergency department with chest pain and is suspected of having a myocardial infarction (MI). The client asks the nurse about the diagnostic test used to confirm the diagnosis. Which test should the nurse mention?

A nurse is teaching a client about the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction (MI). What is the primary cause of MI?

A client who recently had an MI is instructed to participate in cardiac rehabilitation. The client asks the nurse about the benefits of exercise in the program. How should the nurse respond?

A nurse is providing education to a client who recently had an MI about the importance of medication adherence. The client expresses concerns about potential side effects of the prescribed medications. What should the nurse do to address the client's concerns effectively?