A client with chronic pain is using aspirin regularly to control her pain symptoms. She presents to the hospital with abdominal pain, pale skin, afebrile, and a blood pressure (BP) of 83/45 mm Hg. Which type of shock is the client most likely experiencing?

Hypovolemic shock

Obstructive shock

Cardiogenic shock

Septic shock

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Hypovolemic shock is characterized by low blood pressure, pale skin, and abdominal pain due to significant fluid loss or hemorrhage. The client's symptoms, including hypotension and abdominal pain, suggest a reduction in blood volume potentially caused by gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration, which is consistent with chronic aspirin use.
B. Obstructive shock is due to a physical obstruction of blood flow, such as a pulmonary embolism or cardiac tamponade, which does not directly correlate with the client's presentation of symptoms.
C. Cardiogenic shock results from severe heart failure and is typically accompanied by signs of heart dysfunction, not just low blood pressure and abdominal pain.
D. Septic shock is associated with infection and systemic inflammation, often presenting with fever and other signs of infection, which the client is not exhibiting.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Chicken noodle soup is high in sodium, which can exacerbate fluid retention and worsen symptoms of Meniere disease. Clients with Meniere disease are typically advised to follow a low-sodium diet to help manage their symptoms.
B. Scrambled eggs are low in sodium and are an appropriate food choice for a client with Meniere disease. This option supports the dietary modifications needed to manage the condition effectively.
C. Baked ham is high in sodium, which is not suitable for a client with Meniere disease. High-sodium foods can lead to fluid retention, worsening vertigo and other symptoms associated with the disease.
D. Cheese pizza contains significant amounts of sodium, which can aggravate Meniere disease symptoms. Clients are advised to avoid high-sodium foods to manage their condition better.

A. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally B. Maintain an intravenous (IV) infusion of 0.45% sodium chloride C. Restrict fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day D. Provide a diet containing 2 g of sodium per day

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Desmopressin acetate is used to treat diabetes insipidus, not SIADH. In SIADH, there is excessive antidiuretic hormone causing fluid retention and dilutional hyponatremia, so this medication would not be appropriate.
B. Maintaining an IV infusion of 0.45% sodium chloride is not appropriate for SIADH, as this solution can further dilute sodium levels. Treatment usually involves hypertonic saline or fluid restriction.
C. Restricting fluid intake is a key management strategy for SIADH to address the fluid overload and help correct the low sodium levels. This action directly targets the root cause of the hyponatremia by reducing fluid intake.
D. Providing a diet with 2 g of sodium per day may not be sufficient or appropriate for treating SIADH-related hyponatremia. Fluid restriction is more critical in managing this condition.

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A client with chronic pain is using aspirin regularly to control her pain symptoms. She presents to the hospital with abdominal pain, pale skin, afebrile, and a blood pressure (BP) of 83/45 mm Hg. Which type of shock is the client most likely experiencing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with Meniere disease is instructed to modify his diet. The nurse would explain that which item would be acceptable for the client to include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L (nl. 135-145 mEq/L). Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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