A client with chronic renal failure asks the nurse about the cause of their frequent bone pain. Which explanation by the nurse is accurate?
"The bone pain is related to the body's excess production of calcium, leading to joint inflammation."
"Chronic renal failure causes the body to retain phosphorus, which can weaken your bones and cause pain."
"Frequent bone pain is a common side effect of the medication used to manage chronic renal failure."
"The kidney dysfunction in chronic renal failure leads to low levels of calcium in your bones, resulting in bone pain."
The Correct Answer is B
A. Incorrect. Excess production of calcium in the body is not a typical cause of bone pain in chronic renal failure.
B. Correct. Chronic renal failure can lead to impaired phosphorus excretion, resulting in elevated levels of phosphorus in the blood. High phosphorus levels can lead to bone demineralization, weakening the bones and causing bone pain.
C. Incorrect. While some medications used in the management of chronic renal failure may have side effects, frequent bone pain is not commonly associated with these medications.
D. Incorrect. Kidney dysfunction in chronic renal failure does not typically lead to low levels of calcium in the bones. Instead, it can lead to abnormalities in phosphorus levels, which affect bone health.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for chronic renal failure. While the risk of kidney disease may increase with age, it is not something that individuals can control or change.
B. Incorrect. Gender is also a non-modifiable risk factor, as both males and females can develop chronic renal failure. It does not impact an individual's ability to modify their risk.
C. Correct. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for chronic renal failure. Smoking can damage blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow to the kidneys and an increased risk of kidney disease.
D. Incorrect. Family history of kidney disease is a non-modifiable risk factor. While individuals cannot change their family history, they can modify other lifestyle factors, such as smoking, to reduce their overall risk of kidney disease.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Peripheral edema and weight gain are more commonly associated with fluid retention in later stages of chronic renal failure when the kidneys are unable to effectively remove excess fluids from the body.
B. Incorrect. Frothy urine and increased urination may indicate proteinuria, a condition where excessive protein is excreted in the urine. While proteinuria can be a symptom of kidney dysfunction, it is not an early symptom.
C. Incorrect. Hypertension and headache can be associated with chronic renal failure, but they are not specific to early stages of kidney dysfunction.
D. Correct. Fatigue and decreased appetite are early clinical manifestations of kidney dysfunction in chronic renal failure. The kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste products and toxins from the blood, and when kidney function is compromised, it can lead to a buildup of waste products in the body, causing fatigue and decreased appetite.
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