A nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The client reports cloudy dialysate effluent during an exchange. What should the nurse do first?
Assess the client's vital signs and blood pressure.
Obtain a sample of the cloudy effluent for testing.
Instruct the client to stop the exchange immediately.
Provide the client with an analgesic for pain relief.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Incorrect. While assessing vital signs and blood pressure is important, it is not the first action when the client reports cloudy dialysate effluent during an exchange.
B. Correct. Cloudy dialysate effluent may indicate peritonitis, an infection of the peritoneal cavity. Obtaining a sample of the effluent for testing is the first action to determine if an infection is present and requires immediate treatment.
C. Incorrect. Instructing the client to stop the exchange immediately may be necessary if there are signs of infection or other complications, but obtaining a sample of the effluent should be done first to determine the cause.
D. Incorrect. Providing the client with an analgesic is not the priority when the client reports cloudy dialysate effluent; the focus is on identifying the cause of the cloudiness.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for chronic renal failure. While the risk of kidney disease may increase with age, it is not something that individuals can control or change.
B. Incorrect. Gender is also a non-modifiable risk factor, as both males and females can develop chronic renal failure. It does not impact an individual's ability to modify their risk.
C. Correct. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for chronic renal failure. Smoking can damage blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow to the kidneys and an increased risk of kidney disease.
D. Incorrect. Family history of kidney disease is a non-modifiable risk factor. While individuals cannot change their family history, they can modify other lifestyle factors, such as smoking, to reduce their overall risk of kidney disease.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Incorrect. A GFR value of 50 mL/min/1.73m² indicates some level of kidney dysfunction, not normal kidney function.
B. Incorrect. A GFR value of 50 mL/min/1.73m² indicates moderate kidney dysfunction, not mild impairment.
C. Correct. A GFR value of 50 mL/min/1.73m² is considered to represent moderate kidney dysfunction. This level of GFR indicates that the kidneys are not effectively filtering waste and fluids from the blood.
D. Incorrect. While a GFR value of 50 mL/min/1.73m² indicates kidney dysfunction, it does not represent severe kidney damage. Severe kidney dysfunction would have a much lower GFR value.
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