A nurse is assessing a client with chronic renal failure. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse recognize as a common early symptom of kidney dysfunction?
Peripheral edema and weight gain
Frothy urine and increased urination
Hypertension and headache
Fatigue and decreased appetite
The Correct Answer is D
A. Incorrect. Peripheral edema and weight gain are more commonly associated with fluid retention in later stages of chronic renal failure when the kidneys are unable to effectively remove excess fluids from the body.
B. Incorrect. Frothy urine and increased urination may indicate proteinuria, a condition where excessive protein is excreted in the urine. While proteinuria can be a symptom of kidney dysfunction, it is not an early symptom.
C. Incorrect. Hypertension and headache can be associated with chronic renal failure, but they are not specific to early stages of kidney dysfunction.
D. Correct. Fatigue and decreased appetite are early clinical manifestations of kidney dysfunction in chronic renal failure. The kidneys play a vital role in filtering waste products and toxins from the blood, and when kidney function is compromised, it can lead to a buildup of waste products in the body, causing fatigue and decreased appetite.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. Touching the dialysis catheter site increases the risk of infection, and clients receiving peritoneal dialysis must practice meticulous catheter care to minimize this risk.
B. Incorrect. While daily weight monitoring is essential for clients on peritoneal dialysis, it is not specifically related to peritoneal dialysis care.
C. Incorrect. Peritoneal dialysis is a home-based treatment, and the client performs the dialysis exchanges themselves. There is no need for frequent visits to the dialysis center.
D. Incorrect. Pain medication is not typically needed before starting a peritoneal dialysis exchange, as the procedure itself is not painful. Proper technique and sterile care are the main focus of peritoneal dialysis education.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Incorrect. While chronic renal failure is often irreversible, the rate of decline in kidney function can vary depending on the underlying cause and the effectiveness of treatment and management.
B. Incorrect. While appropriate lifestyle changes and medications can improve the client's quality of life and slow the progression of the disease, chronic renal failure is a chronic condition that may require ongoing management.
C. Incorrect. Chronic renal failure is generally not curable, but proper management can help stabilize the condition and slow the progression of kidney damage.
D. Correct. The prognosis for chronic renal failure can vary widely depending on factors such as the cause of kidney disease, the stage of kidney damage, and the client's response to treatment. Early intervention, such as controlling blood pressure and blood sugar levels, can help slow the progression of kidney damage and improve long-term outcomes.
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