A client with ESRD is undergoing hemodialysis. The nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of which complication associated with this type of dialysis?

Abdominal pain and discomfort

Muscle cramps and twitching

Increased urine output and excessive thirst

Hypotension and low blood pressure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. This is incorrect. Abdominal pain and discomfort are not typical complications of hemodialysis.

B. This is incorrect. Muscle cramps and twitching are more commonly associated with ESRD itself or other types of dialysis, such as peritoneal dialysis.

C. This is incorrect. Hemodialysis is intended to remove excess fluids and waste products from the body, leading to decreased urine output, not increased urine output and excessive thirst.

D. This is correct. Hypotension and low blood pressure are common complications of hemodialysis. During the procedure, the rapid removal of fluids can cause a drop in blood pressure, leading to symptoms such as dizziness and lightheadedness.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This is incorrect because while kidney transplantation is an essential treatment option for ESRD, it is not the only option. Dialysis (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) is also a viable treatment to replace kidney function for clients who are not transplant candidates or awaiting transplantation.

B. This is correct. Dialysis is the primary treatment for ESRD, providing renal replacement therapy by removing waste products and excess fluid from the blood. Kidney transplantation is another treatment option for eligible candidates who may benefit from a functioning kidney.

C. This is incorrect because effective treatment options, such as dialysis and kidney transplantation, are available for ESRD. There is ongoing research and development in nephrology, but new therapies have not replaced the standard treatments.

D. This is incorrect because ESRD is a severe condition where the kidneys have permanently lost their ability to function, and treatment options such as dialysis or transplantation are necessary to sustain life.

A. Administering a bolus of intravenous (IV) fluid to increase urine output B. Encouraging the client to engage in vigorous physical exercise C. Providing prescribed phosphate-binding medications as scheduled D. Restricting the client's dietary protein intake to minimal levels

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This is incorrect. Administering a bolus of IV fluid may worsen fluid overload and electrolyte imbalances in the client with ESRD. It is not an appropriate intervention for muscle cramps and twitching.

B. This is incorrect. Vigorous physical exercise may exacerbate muscle cramps and twitching in clients with ESRD. Encouraging moderate physical activity is more appropriate.

C. This is correct. Muscle cramps and twitching in clients with ESRD are often associated with elevated phosphate levels in the blood. Phosphate-binding medications can help reduce phosphate levels and alleviate these symptoms.

D. This is incorrect. While dietary protein intake may need to be adjusted for clients with ESRD, restricting protein intake to minimal levels can lead to malnutrition and other complications. It is not an appropriate intervention for muscle cramps and twitching.

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A client with ESRD is undergoing hemodialysis. The nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of which complication associated with this type of dialysis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with ESRD asks the nurse about treatment options. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with ESRD reports experiencing severe muscle cramps and twitching. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to address this symptom?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with ESRD asks the nurse about the common symptoms they may experience. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD. . The client asks, "What are the common causes of ESRD?" Which response by the nurse is accurate?

A client with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis complains of nausea and vomiting during the procedure. The nurse should take which action to address this symptom?

A nurse is caring for a client with ESRD who is experiencing anemia. The client asks why they need to take iron supplements as part of their treatment. Which response by the nurse is correct?

A nurse is assessing a client with ESRD and asks about their history of medications. The client mentions using non-prescription herbal supplements regularly. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

A client with ESRD is receiving hemodialysis as part of their treatment plan. The nurse educates the client about potential complications during dialysis. Which information should the nurse include in the education?

A nurse is providing preoperative education to a client who is scheduled for a renal transplant. The client asks about the source of the donated kidney. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

A nurse is providing discharge education to a client with ESRD who will require ongoing dialysis treatments. The client expresses concern about how they will manage their condition at home. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching to promote effective self-care?