A client with multiple complaints has been referred to a neurologist for further evaluation. Which of the following complaints are common manifestations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? (Select all that apply.)

Muscle hypertrophy

Tinnitus

Tripping

Confusion

Dropping objects

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,E

Muscle hypertrophy (increase in muscle size) is not a typical manifestation of ALS. In fact, ALS leads to muscle atrophy (wasting) rather than hypertrophy. As motor neurons degenerate, muscles become weaker and smaller because they are no longer receiving adequate nerve signals to maintain strength.
B.A Tinnitus (ringing in the ears) is not a common manifestation of ALS. ALS primarily affects motor neurons and does not usually cause auditory symptoms. Tinnitus is more related to other conditions such as ear infections, exposure to loud noises, or certain neurological conditions, but it is not associated with ALS.
C.   Tripping or stumbling is a common manifestation of ALS. As the disease progresses, it causes weakness in the muscles responsible for maintaining balance and coordination. This can lead to difficulties with walking and increased risk of tripping or falling.
D.   Confusion is not a typical symptom of ALS. ALS primarily affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, but it does not usually affect cognitive function. However, in rare cases, some patients with ALS may develop cognitive or behavioral changes, but these are not the primary symptoms and are less common.
E.   Dropping objects is a common manifestation of ALS. Muscle weakness and loss of fine motor control in the hands and arms can make it difficult to hold or manipulate objects, leading to frequent dropping.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The late-phase response in asthma is characterized by a delayed and prolonged inflammatory reaction that can occur 4 to 6 hours after exposure to a trigger. It involves the recruitment of additional inflammatory cells, such as eosinophils and T cells, which contribute to ongoing airway inflammation, increased mucus production, and bronchoconstriction. This phase often leads to a return of symptoms or worsening of symptoms after the initial relief provided by a rescue inhaler.
B. The late-phase response does not typically respond as well to rescue inhalers (such as albuterol) as the early-phase response does. Rescue inhalers are primarily effective for the immediate, bronchospastic component of asthma (early-phase response).
C. The late-phase response occurs as part of the natural progression of asthma inflammation and is not necessarily related to improper use of a rescue inhaler. Even with proper use of a rescue inhaler, the late-phase response can still occur due to the underlying inflammatory processes.
D. The late-phase response can occur even if the trigger is no longer present. It is related to the ongoing inflammatory process rather than continued exposure to the trigger. Although continued exposure to triggers can exacerbate symptoms, the late-phase response can still occur independently of further exposure.

A. Notify adult protective services about possible elder abuse by the caregiver. B. Have the caregiver stay in the waiting area while the client is brought into a room for assessment. C. Contact the caregiver's employment agency to report the suspicion of abuse. D. Ask the patient how the injury occurred and observe the caregiver's reaction.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This action is crucial if there is a suspicion of elder abuse, as adult protective services (APS) can investigate the situation thoroughly and take necessary measures to protect the client. However, before making such a notification, it is important to assess the immediate safety of the client and gather preliminary information.
B. This is a prudent initial action to ensure that the client is in a safe environment away from the caregiver, who may be the suspected abuser. It allows the nurse to conduct a private and thorough assessment of the client without the potential influence or intimidation from the caregiver. This step is critical for ensuring the client's safety and obtaining unbiased information.
C. While reporting to the caregiver’s employment agency may be a step in the process, it is not the immediate priority. The primary focus should be on ensuring the client’s safety and assessing the situation before contacting external agencies.
D. While it is important to gather information about how the injury occurred, the immediate priority is to ensure the client's safety and provide an opportunity for a private assessment. The presence of the caregiver during this conversation could influence the client's responses or cause additional stress.

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A client with multiple complaints has been referred to a neurologist for further evaluation. Which of the following complaints are common manifestations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An older adult client is brought to an urgent care clinic by her paid in-home caregiver for a suspected UTI. The client has bruising to the left side of her face and appears fearful when her caregiver makes sudden movements. Which priority action should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has been on levothyroxine for several months. Which of the following findings indicates a therapeutic response to the medication?

A nurse is admitting a client who is experiencing an Addisonian crisis. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate an order for?

A nurse is caring for a 43-year-old female client who reports abdominal pain. Exhibits For each potential provider's order, click to specify if the potential order is anticipated or contraindicated for this client.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse recognize as the most concerning for a client with this condition?

The nurse is providing care for a geriatric patient with loss of hearing acuity over the past several years. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

The nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client who is being admitted for right- sided heart failure. Which statement made by the patient would be consistent with right-sided heart failure?