A client with nephrotic syndrome is experiencing hyperlipidemia. What is the rationale for elevated lipid levels in this client?

Increased cholesterol synthesis in the liver.

Impaired fat absorption in the small intestine.

Reduced clearance of lipids by the kidneys.

Elevated blood glucose levels and insulin resistance.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Incorrect. While increased cholesterol synthesis in the liver can contribute to hyperlipidemia, it is not the primary reason for elevated lipid levels in nephrotic syndrome.

B. Incorrect. Impaired fat absorption in the small intestine is not a significant factor contributing to hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome.

C. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome results in increased protein loss, including proteins involved in lipid transport and metabolism. Reduced clearance of lipids by the kidneys leads to elevated lipid levels in the bloodstream.

D. Incorrect. Elevated blood glucose levels and insulin resistance are not directly related to hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Decreased serum albumin levels may contribute to fluid overload and hypertension in nephrotic syndrome, but they are not the primary indicators of these complications.

B. Incorrect. A decreased serum albumin level alone does not confirm the presence of proteinuria, which requires additional tests, such as a 24-hour urine collection for protein quantification.

C. Incorrect. Decreased serum albumin levels are not directly related to the presence of renal vein thrombosis, although nephrotic syndrome can increase the risk of thromboembolic events.

D. Correct. In nephrotic syndrome, the glomerular damage results in significant proteinuria, leading to decreased serum albumin levels. The loss of albumin in the urine contributes to hypoalbuminemia, a hallmark feature of nephrotic syndrome.

A. To reduce proteinuria and preserve kidney function. B. To decrease blood glucose levels and manage diabetes. C. To improve calcium absorption and bone health. D. To increase potassium excretion and prevent hyperkalemia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Correct. ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed in nephrotic syndrome to reduce proteinuria by dilating blood vessels and decreasing pressure in the glomerulus. This helps preserve kidney function and slow the progression of kidney damage.

B. Incorrect. ACE inhibitors are not primarily used to manage blood glucose levels in diabetes, although they may have some impact on blood pressure control in clients with both diabetes and nephrotic syndrome.

C. Incorrect. ACE inhibitors do not directly impact calcium absorption or bone health in nephrotic syndrome.

D. Incorrect. ACE inhibitors do not specifically increase potassium excretion. In fact, they may lead to potassium retention, so clients may need to be cautious about potassium intake while on ACE inhibitors.

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A client with nephrotic syndrome is experiencing hyperlipidemia. What is the rationale for elevated lipid levels in this client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results and notes a decreased serum albumin level. What is the significance of decreased serum albumin in diagnosing nephrotic syndrome?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE. inhibitors. What is the purpose of ACE inhibitors in managing nephrotic syndrome?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is assisting with a 24-hour urine collection for a client suspected of having nephrotic syndrome. What does this test assess?

A client with nephrotic syndrome is experiencing hyperlipidemia. What is the rationale for elevated lipid levels in this client?

A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE. inhibitor. What should the nurse instruct the client to do while on this medication?