A client with nephrotic syndrome presents with periorbital edema. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse anticipate?

Elevated blood pressure and headache.

Yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera.

Pain and tenderness over the lower back.

Shortness of breath and crackles in the lungs.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Correct. Periorbital edema is a common manifestation of nephrotic syndrome, especially in the morning after fluid accumulation overnight. Elevated blood pressure and headache may accompany this edema, indicating fluid retention and hypertension, which are frequently associated with nephrotic syndrome.

B. Incorrect. Yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera (jaundicE. is not a typical manifestation of nephrotic syndrome and is more indicative of liver dysfunction or bile flow obstruction.

C. Incorrect. Pain and tenderness over the lower back are not directly related to periorbital edema and may suggest a separate issue, such as musculoskeletal pain.

D. Incorrect. Shortness of breath and crackles in the lungs are not specific to nephrotic syndrome and may suggest other respiratory or cardiac issues.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While increased cholesterol synthesis in the liver can contribute to hyperlipidemia, it is not the primary reason for elevated lipid levels in nephrotic syndrome.

B. Incorrect. Impaired fat absorption in the small intestine is not a significant factor contributing to hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome.

C. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome results in increased protein loss, including proteins involved in lipid transport and metabolism. Reduced clearance of lipids by the kidneys leads to elevated lipid levels in the bloodstream.

D. Incorrect. Elevated blood glucose levels and insulin resistance are not directly related to hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome.

QUESTIONS

A. "Increase your potassium intake to prevent hypokalemia." B. "Avoid taking the medication with food to enhance absorption." C. "Monitor your blood glucose regularly to assess for diabetes." D. "Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness and falls."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While some clients on ACE inhibitors may need to be cautious about potassium intake, this instruction is not universally applicable to all clients with nephrotic syndrome on this medication.

B. Incorrect. ACE inhibitors should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.

C. Incorrect. Monitoring blood glucose levels is important, but it is not directly related to ACE inhibitor use in nephrotic syndrome.

D. Correct. ACE inhibitors can cause a drop in blood pressure, leading to dizziness, especially when changing positions (orthostatic hypotension). Clients should be instructed to change positions slowly to prevent falls and injuries.

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A client with nephrotic syndrome presents with periorbital edema. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse anticipate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with nephrotic syndrome is experiencing hyperlipidemia. What is the rationale for elevated lipid levels in this client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A client with nephrotic syndrome presents with periorbital edema. Which additional assessment finding should the nurse anticipate?