A client with Parkinson's disease who is taking carbidopa/levodopa reports the urine appears to be darker in color. Which action should the nurse take?

Measure the client's urinary output.

Explain the color change is normal.

Obtain a specimen for a urine culture.

Encourage an increase in oral intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Measuring the client's urinary output is not the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. Although urinary output is an important indicator of renal function, it is not related to the color change of the urine. The nurse should monitor the client's fluid balance as part of the routine care, but it is not a priority.

Choice B reason: Explaining the color change is normal is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. Carbidopa/levodopa can cause the urine to become dark brown or black, which is a harmless side effect. The nurse should reassure the client that this is not a sign of a serious problem and does not affect the effectiveness of the medication.

Choice C reason: Obtaining a specimen for a urine culture is not the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. A urine culture is used to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI), which is characterized by symptoms such as dysuria, frequency, urgency, and hematuria. The color change of the urine due to carbidopa/levodopa is not indicative of a UTI. The nurse should obtain a urine culture only if the client has signs or symptoms of a UTI.

Choice D reason: Encouraging an increase in oral intake is not the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. Although adequate hydration is important for the client's health, it is not related to the color change of the urine. The nurse should encourage the client to drink enough fluids to prevent dehydration, but it is not a priority.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is the correct manifestation for the nurse to identify as a reason to stop the infusion. A scratchy throat may indicate an allergic reaction to piperacillin-tazobactam, which is a penicillin derivative. The client may also develop other signs of anaphylaxis, such as rash, itching, swelling, wheezing, or difficulty breathing. The nurse should stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider.

Choice B reason: This is not a correct manifestation for the nurse to identify as a reason to stop the infusion. Pupillary constriction is not a common or serious side effect of piperacillin-tazobactam. It may be caused by other factors, such as light exposure, medication use, or neurological conditions. The nurse should monitor the client's pupils for any changes, but it is not a reason to stop the infusion.

Choice C reason: This is not a correct manifestation for the nurse to identify as a reason to stop the infusion. Bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, is not a common or serious side effect of piperacillin-tazobactam. It may be caused by other factors, such as cardiac disorders, medication use, or vagal stimulation. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs for any changes, but it is not a reason to stop the infusion.

Choice D reason: This is not a correct manifestation for the nurse to identify as a reason to stop the infusion. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not a common or serious side effect of piperacillin-tazobactam. It may be caused by other factors, such as stress, pain, or renal disorders. The nurse should monitor the client's blood pressure for any changes, but it is not a reason to stop the infusion.

A. Serum ammonia level of 30 Mcg/dL (17.62 mmol/L). B. Hemoglobin level of 13.5 g/dL (135 g/L). C. Serum potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (3.8 mmol/L). D. Serum glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L).

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is not the laboratory finding that indicates that the medication has been effective. Serum ammonia level of 30 Mcg/dL (17.62 mmol/L) is within the normal range for adults, and it does not reflect the effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a cation-exchange resin that binds to potassium in the intestine and removes it from the body through the stool. It does not affect the ammonia levels in the blood, which are influenced by the liver function and the urea cycle. The nurse should monitor the ammonia levels for any changes, but it is not the goal of the medication.

Choice B reason: This is not the laboratory finding that indicates that the medication has been effective. Hemoglobin level of 13.5 g/dL (135 g/L) is within the normal range for females, and it does not reflect the effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate does not affect the hemoglobin levels in the blood, which are determined by the number and size of red blood cells and the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. The nurse should monitor the hemoglobin levels for any changes, but it is not the goal of the medication.

Choice C reason: This is the laboratory finding that indicates that the medication has been effective. Serum potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (3.8 mmol/L) is within the normal range for adults, and it indicates that the medication has lowered the potassium levels in the blood. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia, or high potassium levels, which can occur in AKI due to the impaired renal excretion of potassium. Hyperkalemia can cause cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and paralysis. The nurse should administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate as prescribed and check the serum potassium levels regularly to ensure that they are within the normal range.

Choice D reason: This is not the laboratory finding that indicates that the medication has been effective. Serum glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L) is slightly above the normal range for adults, and it does not reflect the effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate does not affect the glucose levels in the blood, which are influenced by the carbohydrate metabolism and the insulin secretion and action. The nurse should monitor the glucose levels for any changes, but it is not the goal of the medication.

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A client with Parkinson's disease who is taking carbidopa/levodopa reports the urine appears to be darker in color. Which action should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse initiates an infusion of piperacillin-tazobactam for a client with a urinary tract infection. Five minutes into the infusion, the client reports not feeling well. Which client manifestation should the nurse identify as a reason to stop the infusion?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client in acute kidney injury (AKI). Which laboratory finding indicates that the medication has been effective?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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