A client with Parkinson's disease who is taking carbidopa/levodopa reports the urine appears to be darker in color. Which action should the nurse take?

Measure the client's urinary output.

Explain the color change is normal.

Obtain a specimen for a urine culture.

Encourage an increase in oral intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Measuring the client's urinary output is not the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. Although urinary output is an important indicator of renal function, it is not related to the color change of the urine. The nurse should monitor the client's fluid balance as part of the routine care, but it is not a priority.

Choice B reason: Explaining the color change is normal is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. Carbidopa/levodopa can cause the urine to become dark brown or black, which is a harmless side effect. The nurse should reassure the client that this is not a sign of a serious problem and does not affect the effectiveness of the medication.

Choice C reason: Obtaining a specimen for a urine culture is not the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. A urine culture is used to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI), which is characterized by symptoms such as dysuria, frequency, urgency, and hematuria. The color change of the urine due to carbidopa/levodopa is not indicative of a UTI. The nurse should obtain a urine culture only if the client has signs or symptoms of a UTI.

Choice D reason: Encouraging an increase in oral intake is not the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. Although adequate hydration is important for the client's health, it is not related to the color change of the urine. The nurse should encourage the client to drink enough fluids to prevent dehydration, but it is not a priority.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that is used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. It is metabolized by the liver and does not have a significant effect on the kidneys. The nurse should monitor the client for signs of sedation, respiratory depression, and dependence.

Choice B reason: Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that is used to treat heart failure and arrhythmias. It is eliminated by the kidneys and can cause toxicity if the renal function is impaired. The nurse should monitor the client's serum digoxin level, heart rate, and rhythm, and signs of toxicity, such as nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and confusion.

Choice C reason: Sucralfate is a mucosal protectant that is used to treat peptic ulcer disease. It forms a protective barrier over the ulcer and does not get absorbed into the bloodstream. It does not affect the kidneys and has few side effects. The nurse should monitor the client's symptoms and advise them to take the medication on an empty stomach.

Choice D reason: Vancomycin is an antibiotic that is used to treat serious infections caused by gram-positive bacteria. It is nephrotoxic and can cause AKI, especially in high doses or prolonged use. The nurse should monitor the client's serum vancomycin level, renal function tests, urine output, and signs of AKI, such as oliguria, edema, and electrolyte imbalances.

A. Protect the skin from sunlight while taking the drug. B. Take with orange juice to enhance GI absorption. C. Return to the clinic weekly to obtain serum drug levels. D. Take with milk or antacids to prevent gastrointestinal (GI) irritation.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Tetracycline HCl can cause photosensitivity, which increases the risk of sunburn and skin damage. The client should avoid direct sunlight and use sunscreen and protective clothing while taking the drug.

Choice B reason: Orange juice is acidic and can decrease the absorption of tetracycline HCl. The client should take the drug with water and avoid acidic foods and beverages.

Choice C reason: Serum drug levels are not routinely monitored for tetracycline HCl. The client should follow the prescribed dosage and duration of the therapy.

Choice D reason: Milk and antacids can interfere with the absorption of tetracycline HCl. The client should take the drug at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals and avoid dairy products and antacids.

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A client with Parkinson's disease who is taking carbidopa/levodopa reports the urine appears to be darker in color. Which action should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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