A client with Raynaud's disease is experiencing a vasospastic attack. What should the nurse instruct the client to do during an acute attack?

A) Warm and flushed skin is not a characteristic finding in Raynaud's disease. Instead, affected areas usually become pale or bluish due to reduced blood flow.

B) Swollen and tender joints in the fingers are not specific to Raynaud's disease. These symptoms may be indicative of other conditions, such as arthritis.

C) Ulcers or open sores on the fingertips are a common clinical feature of severe Raynaud's disease. Prolonged vasoconstriction and reduced blood flow can lead to tissue damage and the development of painful ulcers.

D) The hallmark of Raynaud's disease is color changes in response to cold or stress. The affected areas typically turn pale or bluish (cyanotic) due to decreased blood flow, followed by redness (rubor) when blood flow is restored. Absence of color changes is not characteristic of Raynaud's disease.

A) Antihistamines are not commonly used to manage Raynaud's disease. They primarily target histamine receptors and are not effective in dilating blood vessels.

B) Beta-blockers are not typically prescribed for Raynaud's disease. They may worsen the condition by causing vasoconstriction.

C) Calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine or amlodipine, are commonly prescribed to manage Raynaud's disease. These medications help relax and dilate blood vessels, improving blood flow to the extremities and reducing the frequency and severity of Raynaud's episodes.

D) Oral corticosteroids are not used as a standard treatment for Raynaud's disease. They have anti-inflammatory effects but are not effective in treating the underlying vascular dysfunction of Raynaud's.